History of Europe

How did national boundaries in Europe changge do to the treaty of versailies?

The Treaty of Versailles had a profound impact on the national boundaries of Europe. Some of the key changes included:

1. Germany lost territory to several countries:

* Alsace-Lorraine, which was returned to France.

* Eupen-Malmédy, which was given to Belgium.

* North Schleswig, which was ceded to Denmark following a plebiscite.

* West Prussia, Posen, and Upper Silesia, which were given to Poland.

* Danzig, which became a free city under the protection of the League of Nations.

2. Austria-Hungary was dissolved and its territory was divided among several countries:

* Austria, which was reduced to its current size.

* Czechoslovakia, which was created from the former Austrian provinces of Bohemia, Moravia, and Slovakia, as well as parts of Hungary and Ruthenia.

* Hungary, which lost territory to Romania, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia.

* Yugoslavia, which was created from the former Austrian provinces of Slovenia, Croatia, and Bosnia-Herzegovina, as well as parts of Hungary and Bulgaria.

3. The Ottoman Empire lost territory to several countries:

* Greece, which gained Western Thrace and the Aegean islands.

* Bulgaria, which gained Western Thrace.

* Romania, which gained Dobrudja.

* Syria and Lebanon, which were given to France as mandates of the League of Nations.

* Iraq, which was given to Britain as a mandate of the League of Nations.

* Palestine, which was given to Britain as a mandate of the League of Nations, with a view to eventually becoming a Jewish homeland.

4. Russia lost territory to several countries:

* Finland, which gained independence.

* Estonia, which gained independence.

* Latvia, which gained independence.

* Lithuania, which gained independence.

* Poland, which gained territory from Russia, Germany, and Austria-Hungary.

5. New countries were created:

* Finland

* Estonia

* Latvia

* Lithuania

* Poland

* Czechoslovakia

* Yugoslavia

The Treaty of Versailles significantly altered the political map of Europe and had far-reaching consequences for the continent.