* The collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the creation of new nation-states in the Middle East
* The Russian Revolution and the rise of the Soviet Union
* The end of European colonialism in Africa and Asia
* The rise of the United States as a global power
Economic effects:
* The global economic downturn of the 1930s, which was triggered by the war
* The rise of Keynesian economics, which focused on government intervention to stimulate the economy
* The development of new technologies and industries, such as the automotive industry and the chemical industry
Social effects:
* The rise of feminism and the increased participation of women in the workforce
* The spread of education and the improvement of living standards for many people
* The increased sense of national identity and the rise of nationalist movements
* The development of new art movements, such as Dadaism and Surrealism
Cultural effects:
* The Lost Generation, a group of writers and artists who were disillusioned by the war
* The Harlem Renaissance, a flourishing of African-American culture in the United States
* The emergence of modernism in art, literature, and music