1. Establishment of a League of Nations: One of the central goals of Wilson's program was to create an international organization to promote cooperation, prevent war, and resolve disputes peacefully. The league of nations was envisions as a forum where nations could work together to address common challenges and ensure collective security.
2. Open Diplomacy and Self- Determination: Wilson advocated for open and transparent diplomatic relations among countries, replacing secret treaties and alliances that had contributed to the outbreak of World War I. He also supported the principles of self- determination, allowing people to chose their own government and national identities.
3. Arms Reduction: To reduce the risk of future wars, Wilson's program called for a significant reduction in armaments and military forces. He believed that by limiting the size of armies and navies, countries would be less likely to engage in conflicts.
4. Removal of Trade Barriers: Wilson sought to promote global economic growth and cooperation by removing trade barriers such as tariffs and discriminatory trade policies. He advocated for free trade and equal economic opportunities for all nations.
5. Territorial Adjustments and Peace Settlements: The Paris Peace Conference dealt with complex issues related to territorial disputes and peace settlements among the defeated nations, particularly Germany and its colonies. Wilson aimed to negotiate settlements based on fairness and justice, considering the ethnic and national aspirations of various population groups.
6. Minority rights: Wilson's program also addressed the protection of the rights of minorities within different countries. He advocated for minority rights to ensure that ethnic and religious groups could enjoy equal treatment and opportunities.
7. Reparations and Economic Restoration: The Paris Conference tackled the issue of war reparations that were to be paid by the defeated nations, mainly Germany. Wilson believed in balancing the need to hold Germany accountable with the importance of restoring its economic stability to prevent further conflict.
Despite encountering significant challenges and facing opposition from some European leaders, president Wilson's program for peace influenced the shaping of the Treaty of Versailles and the establishment of the league of Nations. His ideals played a crucial role in shaping international relations and the pursuit of peace in the aftermath of World War I.