1. Visibility on the Battlefield: The traditional French uniforms were predominantly bright blue, making soldiers highly visible to the enemy. This became a major disadvantage during the war as new technologies, such as long-range artillery and machine guns, made camouflage critical for survival. The new uniforms adopted more muted colors, such as khaki, horizon blue, and field grey, which provided better concealment in the trenches and open fields.
2. Practicality and Functionality: The old uniforms, which were derived from 19th-century military fashion, were often impractical for the rigors of trench warfare. The new uniforms were designed with a focus on functionality, incorporating features such as loose-fitting tunics, sturdy buttons, and adjustable waistbands. They also included multiple pockets and equipment loops to carry essential items like ammunition and grenades.
3. Standardization and Mass Production: The French Army recognized the need for standardized uniforms to ensure efficient supply and manufacturing during the war. The new uniforms were designed in a way that allowed for mass production, making it easier to equip large numbers of soldiers quickly.
4. Psychological Impact and Morale: In addition to their functional advantages, the new uniforms had a psychological impact on the soldiers. The adoption of more practical and modern-looking uniforms boosted morale and contributed to a sense of unity and purpose among the French troops.
5. Lessons from the Early Stages of the War: The early stages of World War I revealed the inadequacies of the traditional uniforms, leading to high casualty rates. By analyzing combat experiences and studying the uniforms worn by other armies, the French Army made necessary adjustments to improve its soldiers' chances of survival and success.
Overall, the French Army's change of uniforms during World War I was driven by the demands of modern warfare, the need for better camouflage, practicality, standardization, and the desire to uplift soldiers' morale.