Henry II's reign had a profound impact on English society and government, and his legacy continues to be debated and studied by historians. Some of the key aspects of his legacy include:
Legal reforms: Henry II introduced a number of important legal reforms, including the establishment of the common law system, which standardised legal procedures across England. He also introduced the use of juries, and limited the power of local feudal courts.
Administrative reforms: Henry II also implemented administrative reforms, including the establishment of the Exchequer, a centralised treasury department, and the creation of a system of county government. These reforms helped to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the English government.
Military reforms: Henry II was a skilled and successful military leader, and he made a number of important reforms to the English military. He introduced the use of mercenary soldiers, and he reorganised the English army into a more effective and efficient force.
Cultural and intellectual achievements: Henry II's reign was a period of great cultural and intellectual achievement. He was a patron of the arts and literature, and he founded a number of monasteries and schools. He also encouraged the development of new technologies, such as the compass and the astrolabe.
The Angevin Empire: Henry II was the founder of the Angevin Empire, which at its height included England, Normandy, Anjou, Maine, Brittany and Touraine. The Angevin Empire was a powerful force in European politics, and it played a significant role in the Crusades.
The fall of the Angevin Empire: Despite Henry II's successes, the Angevin Empire eventually fell apart. This was due in part to a series of dynastic disputes, as well as to the rising power of the French monarchy. The fall of the Angevin Empire led to the Hundred Years' War between England and France.