- Egypt: Greece imported papyrus, linen, and grain from Egypt, while exporting olive oil, wine, and pottery.
- Phoenicia: The Phoenicians were skilled traders and seafarers who played a major role in the Mediterranean trade network. They traded various goods with Greece, including textiles, glassware, and spices.
- Etruscans: The Etruscans, an ancient civilization in Italy, traded with Greece for metalwork, pottery, and wine.
- Carthage: Carthage, a powerful Phoenician colony in North Africa, was an important trading partner of Greece. They traded agricultural goods, textiles, and precious metals.
- Black Sea region: Greece traded with various Greek colonies and indigenous populations in the Black Sea region, such as Scythians and Thracians, for wheat, timber, furs, and slaves.
- Ionia: Ionia, a region of western Anatolia (present-day Turkey), was home to many Greek colonies that engaged in trade with mainland Greece. They exported agricultural products, textiles, and handicrafts.
- Cyrene: Cyrene, a Greek colony in North Africa, traded with Greece for silphium, a valuable medicinal plant, as well as other agricultural goods.
- Cyprus: Cyprus, an island in the eastern Mediterranean, was an important source of copper for Greece, and they also traded agricultural goods and pottery.
In addition to these regions, Greece also engaged in trade with other parts of the Mediterranean, such as Southern Italy, Sicily, and Gaul. Trade routes stretched from Greece to the Near East, North Africa, and even Central Asia, facilitating cultural exchange, economic development, and the exchange of goods and ideas between different civilizations.