Here are some specific details about how Vasco da Gama navigated:
1. Dead reckoning: This is a method of navigation that involves estimating your current position based on your starting point, heading, and speed. Vasco da Gama used dead reckoning to keep track of his progress as he sailed down the coast of Africa.
2. Celestial navigation: This is a method of navigation that involves using the positions of celestial bodies to determine your latitude and longitude. Vasco da Gama used celestial navigation to determine his position at sea. He did this by observing the positions of the sun, moon, and stars.
3. Coastal navigation: This is a method of navigation that involves following the coastline. Vasco da Gama used coastal navigation to avoid getting lost at sea. He did this by keeping an eye on the coastline and using landmarks to guide him.
4. Astrolabe: This is a navigation instrument that is used to measure the altitude of celestial bodies. Vasco da Gama used the astrolabe to measure the altitude of the sun and moon. This allowed him to determine his latitude.
5. Compass: This is a navigation instrument that is used to determine direction. Vasco da Gama used the compass to determine his heading.
6. Quadrant: This is a navigation instrument that is used to measure the angles between celestial bodies. Vasco da Gama used the quadrant to measure the angles between the sun and the horizon. This allowed him to determine his longitude.
In conclusion, Vasco da Gama was able to successfully navigate his ships around the world using several methods of navigation, including dead reckoning, celestial navigation, and coastal navigation. He was also able to use the astrolabe, compass, and quadrant.