The French first established a permanent settlement in Acadia in 1604 at Port-Royal (now Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia). Acadia became a prosperous colony, with a population of about 4,000 people by the middle of the 17th century. The Acadians were primarily farmers, fishermen, and fur traders.
In 1713, Acadia was ceded to Great Britain by the Treaty of Utrecht. The British renamed the colony "Nova Scotia" and encouraged Protestant settlers from New England and Europe to move there. The Acadians, who were Roman Catholic, refused to swear allegiance to the British Crown. As a result, the British deported them from Acadia in 1755-1763. The Acadians were dispersed throughout the British colonies in North America, and many of them eventually settled in Louisiana.
The deportation of the Acadians is considered to be one of the most tragic events in Canadian history. It is commemorated every year on August 15, which is known as Acadian Day.
Today, Acadia is a vibrant region with a rich culture and history. The Acadians have preserved their unique identity and traditions, and they continue to play an important role in Canadian society.