History of North America

How did northern states make it difficult for former slaves to purchase land?

This statement is incorrect. Northern states did not make it difficult for former slaves to purchase land. In fact, several northern states actively encouraged African Americans to purchase land and become self-sufficient farmers. For example, the Homestead Act of 1862 granted 160 acres of public land to any settler who agreed to live on and cultivate the land for five years. This law was a significant help to former slaves who were struggling to find economic independence after the Civil War.