AROUND 3,500 B.C. J.-C.:Peasants settle in the Indus Valley (current Pakistan): The land is fertile on the edge of the Indus . As in Egypt and Sumer, the river overflows every year and a complex and centralized organization is put in place to improve harvests. First towns and beginning of trade:So
TOWARDS 5 AV. AD Birth of Jesus Christ: Jesus of Nazareth is a Jew born in Judea, a small province of the Roman Empire at that time. At the age of about 30, he chose 12 men to be his disciples and began to preach. The rumor that he can perform miracles spreads and crowds come to listen to him. Some
BETWEEN 559 AND 530 BC Reign of King Cyrus II over Persia: In 550, he defeated the Medes, appropriated their lands and created the vast Persian Empire. The Persians follow the precepts of a prophet named Zarathustra (or Zoroaster), who teaches them that there is only one god. IN 539 BC A Persian ar
BETWEEN 625 and 605 BC. AD Reign of King Nabopolassar: A Babylonian general proclaims himself king of Babylon. He allies himself with his neighbors the Medes to defeat the Assyrians. The Babylonians are convinced that they can predict the future by looking into the entrails of animals. (The phot
TOWARDS 883-859 BC. AD Reign of King Ashurnasirpal II: The Assyrian king Assournasirpal II builds the city of Nimroud which becomes the capital of Assyria. Assyrian kings give themselves titles such as “King of the Universe ” because they believe themselves chosen by the gods to reign over Assyria
ABOUT 1,195 B.C. AD Sea Peoples defeat the Hittite Empire: The Sea Peoples probably come from Greece, the Greek islands and southwestern Anatolia. They look for new places to settle and they kill and destroy everything in their path. They invade Canaan (except Phoenicia) and the Hittite Empire coll
AROUND 2000 B.C. AD Mesopotamia is divided: War is rampant throughout the territory. The Amorites assert their power: The Amorites take control of southern Mesopotamia and the lands of Akkad, as well as several cities including Babylon. Assyria becomes a kingdom: North of Mesopotamia the Assyrian
Mesopotamia means “Land between two rivers” and is in the land of Sumer between the Tiger and the Euphrates . It is in this fertile region that agriculture was born. Then the first villages, the first cities, the first city-states and the first empires were born there. Our Mesopotamian ancestors als
Introduction Confucianism and Taoism are considered Chinese religions, but both began as philosophies. Confucius, like his successors, ignored the gods and turned to action. In turn, the Taoists appropriated Chinese folk beliefs and the structure of Buddhism. As a consequence, a separate current
Fortification along the northern and northeastern border of China, stretching from Jinwangdao (Chinwangtao), through the Gulf of Chihli (Bo Hai o Po Hai), to the vicinity of Gaodai (Kaotai) in the east, and the province of Gansu ( Kansu) from the west, with an inner wall that runs southwards from th
During the 13th century, the Mongols invaded China from the northwest. Kublai Khan, chief of the Mongols, founded the Yuan dynasty. It was during his reign that Marco Polo and other European traders maintained contacts with the Mongol Empire.
Introduction There are two traditions in Chinese literature:literary and popular or colloquial. The last one dates back more than a thousand years before the Christian era and remains to this day. In the beginning it consisted of poetry, later in theater and romance, and later it was incorporatin
Introduction Spoken in China by over 1 billion people, 95% of the Chinese population. Minorities use languages from different language families:Tibetan, Mongolian, Lolo, Miao and Tai. Chinese is the most spoken language in the world. As it is the dominant language in East Asia, Chinese influe
Prehistoric Age - Ancient Age According to tradition, the Chinese people originated in the valley of the Huang He or Yellow River. Archaeological evidence is scarce, although remains of Homo erectus have been found near Beijing, dating back 460,000 years, and named Sinanthropus pekinensis. There i
Introduction art and architecture of China from the Stone Age to the 20th century, which represents the most significant achievements of the worlds oldest civilization. The fundamental principle of all aspects of Chinese culture is harmonious balance, and thus their art is a subtle mixture of tradi
Today known as one of the main tourist attractions in China , the Forbidden City is considered one of the most interesting architectural works of this ancient civilization. Its construction was elaborated during the rule of Emperor Yung Lo, the third monarch of the Ming dynasty. In addition to being
The Tower of Babel is a well-known biblical myth that narrates an episode in which God caused confusion among human beings, establishing different languages for them. Tower of Babel is a well-known myth narrated in the Bible which tells the episode in which the people of a city decided to build
Morals, beliefs and practices of the ancient Babylonians (see Babylon). Their cosmogony and cosmology were borrowed almost entirely from the Sumerians (see Sumerian Religion). There were a lot of divine kings, in front of which stood Marduk. Important were also Samas, the Sun and justice god, who is
Babylon was the birthplace of one of the first great civilizations in history. It developed in the region bathed by the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, which is part of the so-called Fertile Crescent. Babylonian Civilization
The floodplains of Mesopotamia (a region that included Babylon) were perfect for high food production. The economy was based on agriculture, mainly on the cultivation of barley. Barley was used as a means of payment for wages and in daily rations, and was also used as the basis for the manufacture o
The fourteenth century saw the emergence of two great powerful empires in South India - one was the Vijayanagara Empire and the other was the Bahmani Empire. The Deccan region was part of the provincial administration of the Delhi Sultanate. The Vijayanagara Empire was founded on the banks of the Tu
Hyder Alis death and the coronation of Tipu Sultan during the Second Anglo-Mysore War in the late 18th century is a major event in Mysore. Hyder Alis son Tipu Sultan, like his father, was a great warrior in Indian history, who took over the command of Mysore after his fathers death. Today by creatin
In the mid-nineteenth century, the European population faced, perhaps for the first time, the omens of Malthuss theory, which came to say that food production would not increase in the same proportion as the population, which meant that, In fact, there would be serious short-term supply problems for
![[Aizu uproar] Does the quarrel between the tyrant and the elder cause the worst ending?](/article/uploadfiles/202207/2022072209273571_S.jpg)
Tenkajin ・ Toyotomi Hideyoshi ( Toyotomi Hideyoshi ) Shizugatake ( Shizugatake ) Seven Spears One of the seven people who are called Yoshiaki Kato ( Yoshiaki Katou ) Mr. Miss. He was also active in the Battle of Sekigahara and later ruled the Aizu clan. However, by this t