One of the Mongols’ most significant contributions to trade was the creation of the Pax Mongolica, or Mongolian Peace. This period, which lasted from approximately 1200 to 1360 CE, saw a dramatic reduction in violence and conflict across Eurasia. This allowed trade to flourish as merchants and traders could travel long distances without fear of being attacked.
Establishment of Trade Routes
The Mongols also established a vast network of trade routes, which connected Europe, Asia, and Africa. These routes allowed for greater exchange of goods, ideas, and technologies. Some of the most important trade routes included:
* The Silk Road: This famous trade route connected China with the Middle East and Europe.
* The Trans-Siberian Route: This route linked Russia with China and Mongolia.
* The Southern Silk Road: This route connected China with India and the Middle East.
* The Maritime Silk Road: This route connected China with Southeast Asia, India, and East Africa.
Use of Paper Currency
The Mongols were also pioneers in the use of paper currency. The first paper money, known as the “jiaozi,” was issued in China in the 13th century. This allowed for more efficient and convenient transactions, as well as reducing the need for large quantities of precious metals.
Cultural Exchange
The Mongol Empire facilitated greater cultural exchange between different parts of the world. This included the spread of art, architecture, literature, and scientific knowledge. The Mongols were also tolerant of different religions, which allowed for greater religious exchange and understanding.
Conclusion
The Mongols had a profound impact on trade, both through their establishment of the Pax Mongolica and the development of trade routes. Their use of paper currency and promotion of cultural exchange also contributed to the growth and development of trade during the Middle Ages.