- J. Robert Oppenheimer: American physicist who was the scientific director of the Manhattan Project.
- Enrico Fermi: Italian-American physicist who played a key role in the development of the first nuclear reactor, known as the Chicago Pile-1.
- Leo Szilard: Hungarian-American physicist who is considered one of the "fathers" of the atomic bomb. He is credited with conceiving the idea of a nuclear chain reaction and with persuading Albert Einstein to write the letter to President Roosevelt that led to the creation of the Manhattan Project.
- Edward Teller: Hungarian-American physicist who made significant contributions to the development of the hydrogen bomb.
- Robert Bacher: American physicist who served as the deputy director of the Los Alamos Laboratory, where the atomic bombs used in World War II were developed.
- Harold Urey: American chemist who is credited with developing the process of isotopic separation, which was essential for the production of enriched uranium for nuclear weapons.
It's important to note that the development of nuclear weapons was a complex undertaking that involved many other individuals and teams, and the contributions of these key figures represent only a fraction of the effort that went into creating these weapons.