History of Jharkhand

This 28th state, which was formed in the name of Jharkhand, came into existence as a state on the map of the country on the night of 14-15 November 2000, this state is prosperous and state of the country due to its purchase property, in fact Jharkhand region is that of Mother India. It is a boon that for thousands of years the mineral wealth has been falling continuously and has remained a solid foundation for the prosperity of the country. Its abdomen comprises 35% of the total mineral wealth. One of its rivers, Swarnarekha, is known for gold. The second river Damodar is famous for coal deposits, in one area there is copper, in another area there is iron, in one part manganese is in the other, bauxite and mica in the other, uranium of Jadugoda is the basis of nuclear power of the country, so this The production of cement in the region is the building block of the country. The region has maintained its own distinct importance since the pre-Mahabharat period. Be it the Maurya period or the Gupta period, Muslim rule or the British power, all eyes were on the area and the immense wealth hidden in its land. The British have taken the basis of planned exploitation of the mineral wealth in this region.

If we consider the history of Jharkhand movement, then this movement is considered to be the oldest movement not only in the country but in the world. With this, if the adjective is to be added, then it is the oldest non-violent movement in the world, which is continuing continuously.

Jharkhand i.e. the state of the bushes, this hilly region of Bihar was once an area of dense forests and the people living in it were called forest dwellers. The importance of forests is still visible in the culture of the inhabitants of this region.

This type of Jharkhand was not there 100 years ago, the constant immigration and residence of outsiders and the education of the people of this region was greatly influenced by outsiders, especially the machinery institutions, and they were able to walk with other people of the country. be able to The entire cultural history of the region is also of great importance. At one time it is considered to be the area with huge area of Jharkhand killing with Jharkhandi culture. According to the famous historian Buchanan, the entire plateau region from Kashi (Banarasi) to Birbhum was called Jharkhand. Its boundary was the river Vaitarni in the south.

What was its old name, a great research is needed on this, but it is mentioned in the Atreya Brahmana that its name must have been Pundar. King Bali had given birth to five sons from his wife, Queen Sudeshna, with the help of sage Durhattama, and divided his vast kingdom in the name of these five sons. The names of those five sons and five kingdoms were Anga, Bug, Kalinga, Pundra, and Suhra, in which the boundaries of the state of Pundra were. It corresponds to the description of Buchan. It was surrounded by Kashi, Anga, Bang, and Suhra. Muslim historians may have started calling the region Kokra and Jharkhand or Jharkhand.

This is assumed to be so. Even before this, the name of Jharkhand appears in ancient texts. It is also mentioned in the Mahabharata at the time of Digvijay of Angraj Karna, then it was also known as Karkhand and the Tropic of Cancer also passes over Ranchi by the name of Arkkhand.

In this area, there is a mention of the Nag civilization, whose relationship is believed to extend to Mohenjodaro and Harappa at one time. The Pandavas, the king named Janmejaya, had killed the serpents from his area Indraprastha-Hastinapur. One of them, Nag Raj Kumar Pundarik, was able to reach here after escaping. With him was the daughter of a Brahmin from Kashi, who was his wife, the purpose of both of them coming here must have been to get protection, but she died due to drowning in a pond. The pregnant wife also died with him. His son remained, who was alone on the ground. It is said that in order to avoid the sun, a big snake gave him the shadow of his hood, later the king here took him under his protection and nurtured him and his funny was known as Mukut Rai and in this area the Nag dynasty was born. Adi man was considered. In his name, this area Nagpur was later changed to Chotanagpur, however, being the capital of Chutia, it was named Chutia Nagpur.

Due to the English pronunciation of the name Chutiya Nagpur, Chutiya Nagpur was later renamed as Chota Nagpur. Chota Nagpur was considered a very powerful state in the state. Bimbisara had killed King Bradat of Angadesh (Bhagalpur) with the help of Nagraj, the ruler of this state and made that kingdom the Karad kingdom of Magadha. The border of Magadha state was considered till the origin of Damodar river in Jharkhand which is situated in Hazirabad district.

The area from Ramgarh to the Santhal pargana, which was called Suhra, later became a part of this region. In Vayu Purana and Vishnu Purana it is also called Mar Marund after its inhabitants and Marund or Munda. In the Mahabharata, due to the abundance of animals in the area, it has been called animal land. The time zone of Chandragupta Maurya is called Atavi Kshetra. Chandragupta Maurya attached great importance to such a region, because from here it used to supply elephants for the army. After the fall of the Maurya Empire, King Kharavela of Kalinga (Orissa) invaded Magadha through this region.

Even before the Maurya Empire, this region was an independent region, after the fall of the Maurya Empire, this state maintained its independence till the 12th century. In the 14th century, Pal and Sneh did sporadically capture. Due to its cultural fanaticism, the region was opposed to Muslim conversions and attempts to control the state.

The armies of the Muslim rulers were not allowed to enter this area. She could not move beyond Rohtasgarh. Once in 1556, Akbar's (ie Nawab) Ibrahim Khan occupied the area. It was declared independent after the death of Akbar. Jahangir once again subjugated it in 1616. This continued till the time of the British. In 1779 the first battalion of Ramgarh was raised and Chapman was appointed the first civilian administrator. At that time the kingdom of Ramgarh also included the states of Kadi, Kunda, Chhap, Chapi, Saradih and Panchet. The state was spread over 18 square miles. Despite the rule, there is opposition from the British and the Muslim rulers before them, that rebellion has been going on continuously. Munda Rebellion (1820-32), Kol Rebellion (1830-31) etc. were rebellious, then the British started the rule by dividing this region into small states. Ramgarh state was divided into Ranchi Hazaribagh, Gaya and Palamu region and started the process of recruiting local people into his army. In 1857, the Zamindar of Jagdishpur Babu Kunwar Singh left the cantonments after revolting or revolting Hazaribagh Tha Ramgarh. In 1858 the saints revolted which was suppressed by the force of the Sikh battalion.

Earlier this entire area came under Bengal and was called South West Frontier of Odisha region. Orissa in Bihar was separated from Bengal in 1912. Orissa was also separated from the region in 1936, Jharkhand was also divided into four parts due to those two partitions. Purulia and Midnapore went with Bengal, in the partition of 1936 Sundergarh, Kanyojhar, Mayurbhanj and Sabalpur were annexed to Orissa. Chhattisgarh was merged with Madhya Pradesh.

In this way a fighting and freedom loving caste of India was divided and discouraged. If the area of Chhattisgarh is included in today's Vananchal, then it can become a huge empire, then if the whole area is also merged then what to say? After the British, together with the Muslim League, tried to make this whole area a tribal place and make it an independent country like Pakistan but could not succeed, because India was not ready to give up its mineral area at any cost.

The Government of India also did not take the Jharkhand movement seriously until its leaders kept demanding a vow Jharkhand. The BJP named this movement as Vananchal of Chotanagpur and Santhal Pargana area belonging to Bihar in place of the old area and gave a new form to the movement. It also got public support and the government also accepted it, but due to strong opposition from North Bihar, it kept hanging in the balance again and again. The people of West Bengal and Orissa had removed the name of joining such an area by cutting it off from the respective states and the Raigad district of Surguja, the region of Madhya Pradesh, preferred the demand for a separate Chhattisgarh for itself. In 1989, the Government of India formed a committee, Jharkhand Vishayak Samiti, for the first time, and when the survey of the entire area got a sample public opinion, then the above conclusions came out.

History of Jharkhand

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