When Emperor Go-Shirakawa was transferred to Emperor Nijo, he became Emperor Emeritus and became Nijo, Rokujo, Takakura, Antoku, Go-Toba for 34 years. He laid down the cloister rule over the 5th emperor and seized power.
1127 After being born as the fourth prince of Emperor Toba, Go-Shirakawa was named Masahito. He was a fourth prince, so he was far from succession to the throne, so he spent a free-spirited boyhood immersing himself in his hobbies.
Imayō He was so absorbed in the popular songs of that time that he was often drawn to his throat by practicing singing every day. Therefore, the public evaluation was low, and his father, Emperor Toba, was not a vessel of the emperor, and it was outside the concept of succession to the throne.
However, the friendship experience of this time became the basis for demonstrating tremendous political skills later.
In this way, Shirakawa (Masahito), who had been excluded from succession to the throne and lived a free-spirited aristocratic life, will come to a turning point in his life.
Birth of Go-Shirakawa
His father, Emperor Toba, took over and started the cloister rule, and his brother, Emperor Sutoku, took the throne. increase.
But 1155 When Emperor Konoe passed away at the young age of 17, Emperor Sutoku tried to adopt his son as the emperor, but his father, Pope Toba, adopted his wife and made Nijo, the son of Go-Shirakawa, the emperor. Plan
However, it is customary that Nijo's father, Go-Shirakawa, is the prince and his child is the emperor, so until Nijo grows up, Go-Shirakawa is born as a bridge. In this way, if Emperor Go-Shirakawa finishes his coronation as a connecting emperor who is not expected to do anything around him, he will be in power for about 34 years.
Hogen rebellion and Heiji rebellion
When his father, Pope Toba, who was in control of him, collapsed, his brother, Emperor Sutoku, confronted Emperor Go-Shirakawa over the succession to the throne, saying that the emperor should be his own child.> It began.
Influential samurai corps, Taira no Kiyomori and Minamoto no Yoshitomo It is said that Emperor Sutoku was exiled after defeating Emperor Sutoku and was indignant in the land of Sanuki and worshiped the imperial court for a long time.
Hogen Rebellion After winning the victory, Go-Shirakawa was transferred to Emperor Nijo in just three years, and Go-Shirakawa became the emeritus and became a cloister rule. However, from the surroundings, [Is this emeritus okay? Isn't it better for Emperor Nijo to establish a pro-government? ], And when the Go-Shirakawa cloister system began, the Go-Shirakawa Emperor and Nijo Emperor pro-political groups were completed.
Furthermore, Shinsai and Fujiwara no Nobu , who are vassals of Go-Shirakawa-in. Conflict structure is completed [ Heiji rebellion ] Will break out. In this Heiji rebellion, Shinsai, who is in charge of politics, and Fujiwara no Nobuyori, a play master, are in conflict, and the Nijo pro-political faction rides on Fujiwara no Nobuyori. rice field.
Eventually, after Shinsai was defeated, the Shirakawa-in system was defeated and Fujiwara no Nobuyori took control. Will be struck.
The rise of the Taira clan
Heiji Rebellion But Taira no Kiyomori After the victory of Emperor Nijo, who was on his side, Emperor Go-Shirakawa strengthened his ties with Kiyomori. He also visits Kiyomori's Fukuhara villa and meets the Song dynasty. 1167 In, Kiyomori's wife, Tokiko's younger sister, Shigeko, married Emperor Go-Shirakawa and became a brother-in-law with Taira no Kiyomori.
And Taira no Kiyomori is Junior First Rank Daijo-daijin have become.
1168 Taira no Kiyomori became a vassal of the ranks when Emperor Takakura, the son of Shigeko, took the lead.
It seems that the relationship between Emperor Shirakawa and Taira no Kiyomori was at its peak around this time.
However, when Shigeko died, the relationship between Go-Shirakawa and Kiyomori began to cool down. Emperor Go-Shirakawa began to appoint his close associates instead of the Heike clan, and began to suppress the increase in power of the Heike. Kiyomori will gradually become more cautious about that action.
What happened in that was the Shishigatani Incident . So, if this plan was revealed to Kiyomori, Emperor Go-Shirakawa would be suspended from the cloister rule. However, Emperor Go-Shirakawa did not withdraw with the intention of reducing the villas of the Kiyomori clan.
As expected, Taira no Kiyomori is also 1179 In the meantime, when he led a soldier into Kyoto, he dismissed Kampaku and Daijo-daijin, imprisoned Emperor Go-Shirakawa in Toba-den, and started dictatorship. This political coup d'etat [ Political change in the third year of reign ] Is called.
The Japan-Song trade is also contributed by Go-Shirakawa! ??
Japan-Song Trade Made great progress in the monetary economy.
The Song dynasty made the Pope's audience a great help to Taira no Kiyomori. Furthermore, it seems that Mr. Fujiwara Oshu's guardian general had the intention of giving a lot of important exports.
The Japan-Song trade is said to have been credited to Taira no Kiyomori, but it was only possible with the help of Pope Go-Shirakawa behind the scenes. In this way, the imported Song dynasty flows in large quantities in Japan, leading to the development of the monetary economy.
Minamoto no Yoritomo's recruitment and the destruction of the Taira clan
These Taira no Kiyomori coups strengthened the antipathy of the antipathic forces, 1180 . In addition, Prince Mochihito, the son of Pope Go-Shirakawa, and Minamoto no Yorimasa will raise troops, and in response, forces will raise troops in various places.
And in August, Minamoto no Yoritomo Raised troops to Izu, Yoshinaka Kiso in September Is raised in Shinano, and the Heike clan is defeated in the Battle of Fujigawa in October.
When Taira no Kiyomori died in 1181, he did not accompany his grandson, Emperor Antoku, who was attached to the fallen Heike, and escaped the difficulty of falling from the city and being involved in the destruction of the Taira clan.
Go-Shirakawa immediately resumed the hospital administration and issued a decree to subdue Yoritomo to Mr. Fujiwara Oshu. We are taking measures such as letting them do it.
When Minamoto no Yoshitsune defeats Yoshinaka Kiso, he recognizes and loves his armed forces. At that time, he tried to divide Genji internally by confronting Yoritomo in Kamakura.
Minamoto no Yoshitsune, who was brilliantly enthusiastic about Go-Shirakawa's plan, was sentenced to subdue Yoritomo under the command of a judge. However, when Yoritomo approached Kyoto, he issued a decree to subdue Yoshitsune and took in Yoritomo.
In this way, Minamoto no Yoritomo said to Pope Shirakawa, who changed his behavior and behavior depending on the situation, [ Japan's largest tengu . ] And are wary.
In November 1190, Minamoto no Yoritomo led an army of more than a thousand horses to restore his relationship with Go-Shirakawa, and made an audience with Go-Shirakawa for the first time. After that, he stayed in Kyoto for 40 days, during which he met with Pope Shirakawa for about 8 days, and said that his relationship had improved considerably.
However, during this audience, Minamoto no Yoritomo was allowed to set up a guardian and a priest, resulting in a gradual decline in the power of the imperial court.
After the establishment of the Kamakura Shogunate, Pope Shirakawa
After the establishment of the Kamakura Shogunate, Pope Shirakawa will move toward improvement as the imperial court approves the resolution of the customs territory issue and the establishment of a priesthood position. 1187 Hiromoto Oe When Joraku went up, he repaired the inner lining that was damaged by the big earthquake.
In addition, the issue of thieves has become a problem in Kyoto, and security was strengthened in the imperial court, but Minamoto no Yoritomo was Chiba Tsunetane from Kamakura. Dispatched to help maintain the security of Kyoto.
1188 Even when the Imperial Palace was destroyed by fire, Minamoto no Yoritomo made an effort to rebuild it and created a new Imperial Palace. As a result, Pope Go-Shirakawa gradually trusts Yoritomo.
For these reasons, the imperial court's policy is gradually fusion with Kamakura . I leaned toward. When Yoshitsune was found to be under the patronage of Mr. Fujiwara Oshu, the imperial court responded to Yoritomo's request Yasuhira Fujiwara . Declared to subdue Yoshitsune in 1185 Yoshitsune was forced to commit suicide.
Go-Shirakawa said to Yoritomo that [ Yoshitsune's suicide would not require a war anymore ... ], But Yoritomo was planning to destroy Mr. Fujiwara Oshu.
In July of that year, he organized a large army to subdue Oshu without receiving a senji, and two months later he destroyed Mr. Fujiwara Oshu.
Although it is a private battle, Go-Shirakawa has declared and tolerated Yasuhira's revenge after the settlement in just two months. [ This short-term decisive battle has never been done ] And a certain evaluation is added. By this time, the imperial court will already form a cooperative relationship with the Kamakura Shogunate . It seems that he was thinking.
After his later years, Pope Shirakawa
After trying to maintain the power of the imperial court between Mr. Taira and Genji by various schemes, Pope Shirakawa blatantly changed his principle and sneaked into the power of the time. It seems that the evaluation in the imperial court was not good because it was perceived as an act.
Lord, Fujiwara no Kanezane Is [ Tamaba ] About Go-Shirakawa in the diary
Although it is said that it is controlled, it may be said that it is obsessive to never forget because it is a selfish Amako-sama. That said, it can be seen that the in-no-kinshin at that time evaluated Go-Shirakawa as foolish.
1186 , Go-Shirakawa, the mother of Emperor Antoku, who survived in Dannoura, is visiting Ohara's hermitage room. [ The Tale of the Heike In the story spelled out in】, there is a scene in which Go-Shirakawa tells the story of his life by comparing the Kenreimonin to the Six Paths of Buddhism.
After putting the reinstatement of the imperial court as the purpose of his life, Pope Shirakawa could not beat the old man, and he could not regain his reinstatement and may have begun to feel sadness for the loser.
From around the end of 1191, Go-Shirakawa often became ill.
Is Go-Shirakawa afraid of the vengeful spirit of Emperor Antoku Sanuki and Nagato ? I have ordered you to set up a temple.
The following year, in February 1192, Pope Go-Shirakawa was visited by Emperor Go-Toba.
At this time, I was able to see him singing his favorite imayō to the flute of Emperor Go-Toba. After that, Pope Go-Shirakawa seems to have prepared for his own end by informing the Tango Bureau of his apology regarding the distribution of the territory.
And in March, Pope Go-Shirakawa died at Rokujoden. His tomb is located at Hojuji Temple.