1. Decolonization Movements: World War 2 led to the rise of decolonization movements across Asia and Africa. In Africa, movements like the Mau Mau Uprising in Kenya, the Algerian War of Independence and others sparked a desire for self-determination and the end of colonial rule. European powers were pressured by these movements and ultimately granted independence to many African nations.
2. Economic Factors: The aftermath of World War 2 left many European countries economically devastated and struggling to rebuild their home economies. The cost of maintaining colonies and the growing expenses of administering increasingly restive African territories became a financial burden. As a result, some European powers decided to withdraw from their African colonies to focus on domestic development and reconstruction.