The Nile River and its tributaries were explored, including major bodies of water like Lake Victoria, Lake Albert, and Lake Tanganyika.
2. Niger River Basin:
Mapping and exploration of the Niger River's course, inland wetlands, and tributaries occurred.
3. Congo River Basin:
Navigators encountered the Congo River, its tributaries, and the central African rainforest region.
4. Zambezi River System:
Explorers charted the Zambezi River's course, leading to the discovery of Victoria Falls.
5. Atlas Mountains:
Exploration in North Africa focused on the Atlas Mountain ranges and the Sahara Desert.
6. East African Rift Valley:
Explorers charted the Great Rift Valley, featuring volcanic peaks like Mount Kilimanjaro and Mount Kenya.
7. Kalahari and Namib Deserts:
Expeditions covered the vast arid regions of southern Africa, including the Namib and Kalahari Deserts.
8. West African Coast:
European exploration of the Atlantic coast led to mapping of coastal regions and interactions with coastal kingdoms.
9. Madagascar and Indian Ocean Islands:
Exploration extended to Madagascar and various Indian Ocean islands, recording their ecosystems and fauna.
10. Cape of Good Hope:
The iconic Cape of Good Hope at the southern tip of Africa played a crucial role in oceanic exploration.