The Iliad tells the story of the siege of the city of Troy, which was located on the northwestern coast of Asia Minor (in what is now modern Turkey). The siege lasted for ten years and was caused by the abduction of Helen, the wife of King Menelaus of Sparta, by Paris, the son of King Priam of Troy.
The Iliad focuses on the events of the last year of the siege. It begins with a quarrel between King Agamemnon, the leader of the Greek army, and Achilles, the greatest of the Greek warriors. Achilles withdraws from battle, and the Greeks suffer a series of setbacks. Eventually, Achilles returns to battle, but he is killed by Hector, the greatest warrior on the Trojan side.
The Iliad ends with the death of Hector and the funeral games held in his honor. The fall of Troy is not described in the poem, but it is believed that it occurred shortly after the death of Hector.
The Trojan War is a legendary war, and there is no evidence to suggest that it actually occurred. However, it has been the subject of countless works of literature, art, and music, including Shakespeare's play Troilus and Cressida, the movie Troy, and the opera La donna del lago by Gioachino Rossini.