Thomas Paine's criticism of the king stemmed from his belief in the principles of liberty, equality, and democracy. He viewed the monarchy as a symbol of oppression and tyranny, as it concentrated power in the hands of a few individuals and denied the rights of the common people. Paine's writings, such as "Common Sense" and "The Rights of Man," advocated for the overthrow of the monarchy and the establishment of a more representative and democratic form of government. Additionally, Paine believed that the king was a hindrance to the progress and prosperity of the nation and that his rule was based on inherited privilege rather than merit or the will of the people.