Other ancient civilizations that also developed irrigation systems include:
- Ancient Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq): The Sumerians and Babylonians built irrigation canals and levees to cultivate crops in the Tigris and Euphrates river valleys.
- Ancient China: The Chinese constructed elaborate irrigation systems, such as the Dujiangyan Irrigation System in Sichuan province, dating back to the 3rd century BC, which is still in use today.
- Ancient India: The Indus Valley Civilization (2500–1900 BC) developed sophisticated irrigation systems, including dams and canals, to support agriculture in the Indus River basin.
- Pre-Columbian America: The ancient civilizations of the Americas, such as the Incas, Mayans, and Aztecs, also developed irrigation systems to sustain their agriculture in arid and semi-arid regions.