- The United Nations General Assembly passes Resolution 181, which called for the creation of a Jewish state and an Arab state in Palestine.
- The Arab-Israeli War of 1948 breaks out, and the newborn Israeli state is attacked by its Arab neighbors.
- The war ends with a cease-fire, and Israel gains control of about two-thirds of Palestine.
- The Palestinian Arab population of the Israeli-controlled area becomes refugees.
1967
- The Six-Day War breaks out, and Israel occupies the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, and the Sinai Peninsula.
- The Palestinian territories are now under Israeli military occupation.
1973
- The Yom Kippur War breaks out, and Israel is attacked by Egypt and Syria.
- The war ends with a cease-fire, and Israel retains control of the occupied territories.
1978
- The Camp David Accords are signed between Israel and Egypt, leading to a peace treaty between the two countries.
1987
- The First Palestinian Intifada, a popular uprising against Israeli occupation, breaks out in the occupied territories.
1993
- The Oslo Accords are signed between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), leading to the creation of the Palestinian Authority in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.
2000
- The Second Palestinian Intifada, another popular uprising against Israeli occupation, breaks out in the occupied territories.
2005
- Israel withdraws from the Gaza Strip, but maintains control of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip's borders.
2014
- The Gaza War breaks out between Israel and Hamas, the Islamist militant group that controls the Gaza Strip.
- The war ends with a cease-fire, but the Gaza Strip remains blockaded by Israel.
2021
- The Israeli-Palestinian crisis escalates, with clashes and violence between Israelis and Palestinians.