- Visual Basic: Event-driven programming language developed by Microsoft.
- C#: Object-oriented programming language developed by Microsoft.
- Java: Object-oriented programming language developed by Sun Microsystems.
- Python: Object-oriented, general-purpose programming language developed by Guido van Rossum.
- Ruby: Object-oriented programming language developed by Yukihiro Matsumoto.
- PHP: General-purpose scripting language originally designed for web development.
- Perl: General-purpose programming language developed by Larry Wall.