Question 01 - Palmas City Hall- SEMED - (History) - 2013 - “The mobilizations reached their peak in 1963:from June to August, the Department of Justice documented more than 1412 different demonstrations; in one week in June, more than 15,000 Americans were arrested as a result of protests in 186 cities. In August 1963, a march known as the March on Washington brought 200,000 protesters to the capital to hear Luther King deliver his famous speech I have a dream.
PURDY, Sean. “The USA in the Twentieth Century”. In:History of the United States. São Paulo:Editora Contexto, 2007, p. 244. The text above describes the political movement known as:(A) Movement for Political Rights. (B) Human Rights Movement. (C) Movements for the Rights of Colored Men. (D) Civil Rights Movement.
Question 02 - UERJ - Simulation II - 2019 - The third Monday in January is the official day of remembrance of one of the most famous leaders in the struggle for civil rights, human rights and peace:Martin Luther King. When it was created in 1986, a limited number of states in the US federation adopted the holiday. In North Carolina and South Carolina, for example, there were objections. Only in the year 2000, the holiday became effective throughout the country.
Adapted from usafederalholidays.com. The establishment of national holidays is a political decision and is related to the historical and cultural particularities of societies. In the North American case, the non-adoption of Martin Luther King's Day in all states of the federation, since the creation of the holiday, is associated with the following aspect:
(A) partisan disputes (B) legacies of racial segregation (C) limitations of the democratic order (D) traditions of religious puritanism


Question 03 - FATEC 2016 - Throughout history, the Olympic Games have served as a setting for various manifestations, individual or collective, of a political nature. Accessed:11.14.2015. This image depicts the African-American sprinters Tommie Smith and John Carlos, at an emblematic moment in the history of the modern Olympics, which took place at the Olympic Games in Mexico City, in 1968. According to the historical context of the image presented, it is correct to say that the athletes a) participated in a large demonstration against apartheid racial policy in South Africa. b) paid tribute to the eleven Israeli sportsmen murdered by Palestinian terrorists. c) saluted the Black Panthers, a group that fought for the civil rights of black Americans. d) protested against the Nazi policy of Adolf Hitler, who watched the competition from one of the stands of the stadium. e) participated in the biggest boycott in the history of the Olympic Games, led by the United States, against the Soviet Union.
Question 04 - UFPR 2018 - Read the following excerpt from intellectual and activist Angela Davis:Proof of the accumulated strengths that black women have forged through work, work and more work can be found in the contributions of many important leaders who have emerged within the black community. Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, Ida Wells, and Rosa Parks are not exceptional Black women in that they are epitomes of the Black woman's condition. Black women, however, paid a heavy price for the strengths they acquired and the relative independence they enjoyed. Although they were rarely “just housewives”, they always performed household chores. (DAVIS, Angela. Women, race and class. São Paulo:Boitempo, 2016, p. 5253-5259 [kindle edition].) Regarding the Civil Rights movement in the US, consider the following statements: 1. The famous March on Washington for Labor and Freedom of 1963 was marked by the important participation of black women with a discourse that privileged the role of blacks in relation to whites. 2. Female participation in the marches, boycotts and street demonstrations that marked the 1960s in the US had gender equality as its main demand. 3. Rosa Parks appears in the excerpt above thanks to two issues. The first, due to the fact that she was an ordinary black woman, who had her double assignment of work. The second, specifically for occupying this role, is that his act of civil disobedience was more impactful than that of other leaders. 4 . The relative independence of black women comes from problems with the risk condition in which their male companions lived, since it was very common for them to be incarcerated or to suffer other types of violence. In this sense, the independence of black women in the US was a symptom of inequality between blacks and whites. Check the correct alternative. a) Only statement 3 is true. b) Only statements 2 and 4 are true. c) Only statements 3 and 4 are true. d) Only statements 1, 2 and 3 are true. e) Statements 1, 2, 3 and 4 are true.

Question 05 - ENEM 2012 - We refuse to believe that the bank of justice is fallible. We refuse to believe that there is insufficient capital of opportunity in this nation. So we come to cash this check, a check that will give us the right to claim the riches of liberty and the security of justice.
(KING Jr., M. L. I have a dream, 28 Aug. 1963. Available at:www.palmares.gov.br. Accessed:30 Nov. 2011 – Adapted) The scenario experienced by the black population in the southern United States in the 1950s led to social mobilization. At that time, claims emerged that had Martin Luther King as their exponent and aimed at
a ) the conquest of civil rights for the black population.
b) support for violent acts sponsored by blacks in urban spaces.
c) the supremacy of religious institutions among the southern black community.
d) the incorporation of blacks into the labor market.
e) the acceptance of black culture as a representative of the American way of life.
Question 06 - FAMERP 2019 - The statement that “the end of slavery in 1865 did not mean the end of racism or violence against blacks” can be exemplified a) for the achievement of wage parity between black and white workers only at the beginning of the 20th century and for the denunciations of racism still today.
b) for the compulsory enlistment of blacks in the First World War and for the prohibition of segregationist practices only after that conflict.
c) by the emergence, in the 19th century, of racist societies and by the struggles of blacks, in the second half of the 20th century, to obtain civil rights.
d) by the existence, in the 19th century, of sidewalks exclusively for whites and by the legal approval, only at the beginning of the 20th century, of equality in racial treatment.
e) the persistence, until the Second World War, of forms of work similar to slavery and the legal restriction on hiring blacks, even today, in large companies.

Question 07 - UNICAMP 2018 - 1st phase - The photo shows, from left to right, athletes Peter Norman (Australian), John Carlos and Tommie Smith (Americans), on the podium of the 200 meters at the 1968 Olympics in Mexico.
(Available at http://www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/news-photo/the-americansprinters-tommie-smith-john-carlos-and-peter-news-photo/186173327# theamerican-sprinters-tommie-smithjohn-carlos-and-peter-norman-the-pictureid186173327. Accessed 8/1/2017.) Considering the image above and your knowledge about Civil Rights Movements, mark the correct alternative. a) The photograph records the act of resistance of black athletes who defended Martin Luther King's proposals and pacifist action as a path to the constitution of racial equality. b) The photograph records the political manifestation of three athletes who defended the Nation of Islam and the implementation of the Ku Klux Klan throughout the national territory. c) The photograph records the manifestation of athletes who defend the Black Panthers and violent actions, if necessary, to achieve racial equality. d) The photograph records the resistance of athletes and the International Olympic Committee, who fought the system of racial discrimination existing in the United States of America.
Question 08 - UERJ 2nd Qualifying Exam 2013 - The Story Bus

Rosa Parks.

On December 1, 1955, seamstress Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a white man on a city bus in Montgomery, Alabama, as required by state laws. Informed by the driver that she would end up arrested, the woman preferred to be taken to jail - and later, to trial. His conviction by the jury led to the formation of the Montgomery Improvement Association. The presidency of the entity was handed over to Pastor Martin Luther King. On the day of Rosa Parks' conviction, King addressed a crowd gathered outside Holt Street Baptist Church:“I want to assure everyone that we will work to ensure justice prevails on city buses. If we're wrong, this nation's Supreme Court is wrong. If we are wrong, the US Constitution is wrong. If we are wrong, Almighty God is wrong.” Adapted from Vejaabril.com.br.
Murdered in 1968, Martin Luther King began his political activities in 1956, from the episode reported in the report. The main result of Martin Luther King's proposals for American society is directly related to:(A) unification of state laws (B) expansion of social equality (C) regulation of labor causes (D) universalization of civil rights Question 09 - Albert Einstein (Medicine) - 2018 - “With the resurgence of racial issues and violence against blacks by racist organizations such as the Klu Klux Klan, black leaders emerged who faced civil rights issues and reacted against police violence. [...] Martin Luther King and Malcolm X, among others, became that voice and, acting in different ways, were both revolutionary in their actions in favor of the cause of black people and civil rights in the USA. Only the bullets stopped them. (...)”https://anos60.wordpress.com/2008/02/04/direitos-civisnos-euablack-power/ Accessed:11/03/2017 Regarding the strategies used by these leaders, it is CORRECT to state that they were:a) analogous, due to the varied forms of struggle, ranging from the union between whites and blacks in street movements, to actions to convince groups of white congressmen, capable of defending the constitutional rights of blacks. b) complementary, insofar as Martin Luther King's actions sought to appease blacks after the confrontation in the street movements led by Malcolm X, and allowed for the necessary constitutional changes. c) divergent because, while Martin Luther King preached coexistence between whites and blacks and pacifism, based on Christian principles, Malcolm X incited the open struggle of blacks against whites, guided by a strong Muslim spirituality. d) convergent, since they were based on the principle of non-violence and only interfered in the progress of constitutional processes through the representation of black congressmen and, eventually, white democrat senators.
Question 10 - ENEM 2018 -
This bus is related to the act practiced, in 1955, by Rosa Parks, presented in a photograph alongside Martin Luther King. The vehicle achieved the status of a museum work for symbolizing the impact of the fear of the arms race. b) democratization of access to public schools. c) gender bias in public transport. d) deflagration of the movement for civil equality. e) outbreak of rebellion in youth behavior.

Question 11 - PUC-SP 2017 - “Poverty, discrimination, segregation, lynching and police violence — all of these characterized the life of black people in the United States in the 1950s. Building on the messages of freedom and prosperity in the official discourse and supported by their white allies, black people across the country, from both the formerly slave-holding states of the South and the North, built the most important movement in US history, the 'Civil Rights Movement'. By giving the word 'freedom' a new sense of equality and recognition of rights and opportunities, they managed to change racial, political and social relations in the United States, inspiring other Americans to fight for their rights.” Sean Purdy. “The other American dream”. In:História Viva, nº 54, April 2008.
Among the strands that made up the movement cited in the text, it is correct to mention
(A) the pacifist mobilization against the Vietnam War and Malcolm's struggle X for the conversion of blacks to Catholicism.
(B) Martin Luther King's principle of non-violent resistance and Malcolm X's proposal of direct self-defense action.
(C) the defense of full harmony between Black Panthers' whites and blacks and Martin Luther King's black evangelization project.
(D) the effort to provide assistance to communities that the Black Panthers oppressed and the Ku Klux Klan's rejection of segregationist policies.
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11 - B