The secret code name for the project that developed the atomic bomb was called the Manhattan Project. The project was named after the location of its headquarters in New York City, which was in the Manhattan borough. The Manhattan Project was a top-secret research and development project that was established by the United States during World War II to develop the atomic bomb. The project was led by Major General Leslie Groves of the United States Army Corps of Engineers and was staffed by some of the world's top scientists, including J. Robert Oppenheimer, Enrico Fermi, and Leo Szilard. The project was successful in developing the atomic bomb, which was first tested in New Mexico in July 1945. The atomic bomb was then used in the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan, in August 1945, which led to the surrender of Japan and the end of World War II.