Sangkhapat Temple

Terrain

General Condition

Wat Sangkhapat is located at Bueng Phra Ram. in the middle of the island of Ayutthaya near Wat Mahathat between the earth buildings (Yen Throne Hall) on the west side and Wat Phong (east side) currently in the area of ​​Ayutthaya Historical Park. Has been restored and the landscape has been improved. In the fiscal year 1987

Height above mean sea level

Waterway

Chao Phraya River, Pa Sak River, Lop Buri River, Noi River, Khlong Muang

Geological conditions

The central plains are caused by the movement of major faults, namely the Mae Ping Fault (almost connected to the Moei Fault), Uttaradit Fault (Nam Pat), and the Three Chedi Fault. from the Late Cretaceous to the Tertiary This is a continuation of the launch of the southern Gulf of Thailand. and the formation of tertiary basins in the northern and upper western regions followed by north-south fault formation (Bunopas, 1981). sedimentary plains, waterways, lakes, and semi-waterways and lakes

geological features Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province Located in the southern central plains Make it deep under the ground of Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province It is a source of large pebbles. Gravels and sand are large and rounded. Groundwater accumulates between gaps and grains of pebbles and sand. interspersed with clay layers resulting in multiple layers of groundwater and is a layer of water that spreads widely horizontally has unique hydrogeological properties which is a characteristic found in most of the groundwater layers of the South Central Plain, that is, each layer of groundwater There will be a layer of clay under support. and covered on top Classified as groundwater under pressure (Confined aquifer)

Archaeological Era

era/culture

Types of archaeological sites

archaeological essence

Wat Sangkhapat (Kong Kaew Wirapak, M.O.A.) is an abandoned temple located in Bueng Phra Ram. There is no documentary evidence about the history of creation. and the chronicles are not mentioned either. Currently, Wat Sangkhapat is located in Pratuchai Subdistrict. Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya District Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province and was announced to be registered in the Government Gazette, Volume 60, Part 39, on July 20, 1943 (in the name of Phra Ram Lake and structures within the swamp) away from the Black Roof Temple to the northwest about 0.1 km.

At present, there is only one chedi left in the shape of an octagonal brick chedi. Ruen That made a kiosk enshrining stucco Buddha images standing in all 8 directions, mostly in damaged condition. From the architectural style, it is assumed that it was built around the early Ayutthaya period.

This chedi of Wat Sangkhapat Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Historical Park Project has been excavated and restored and reported in 1987 from the excavation made it known that The form is an octagonal shaped brick pagoda. The bottom base is made as a cutting board base. And stacked with a four-tiered base, above it is a relic house consisting of 8 Buddha images arches, each arch decorated with octagonal pillars decorated with stucco as lotus pillars. Between the pillars appear 8 standing Buddha images in the posture of giving forgiveness above the relics of the brick chedi. has completely collapsed As a result of the excavation, it was revealed that the chedi of Wat Sangkhapat has an octagonal chamber according to the external shape of the chedi. It has a diameter of about 80 centimeters. It is between the base of the first floor and the third floor. There is an entrance to the east and a staircase leading down to the panel room.

The art style of the Chedi of Wat Sangkhapat can be compared with the chedi of Wat Phra Ram Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province (The body located in the southwest of Rama Temple) is a bell-shaped octagonal chedi. It is located on a rectangular cutting board, connected with an octagonal base and a house of elements. At Ruen That, there is an arch enshrined standing Buddha images in 8 directions, but the Buddha images are damaged and missing, leaving only the octagonal pillars. and the top of some arches decorated with relics Above it is an octagonal board that supports the carambola bell shaped body. Continuing with a group of lotuses and sprouts without thrones

When comparing the shape of the chedi of Wat Sangkhapat and the Chedi Rai of Wat Rama, it can be seen that they are similar. In addition, the bell-shaped octagonal chedi and the relics of these two pagodas, as far as exploring the area around the city island and outside the city island of Ayutthaya. Such a chedi did not appear. except at Wat Rama and Wat Sangkhapat.

The two chedi have different characteristics in the dungeon, that is, the chedi at Wat Sangkhapat has a dungeon, but the chedi at Wat Rama does not have a dungeon. Wat Sangkhapat Chedi This was because of the construction of a round bell-shaped octagonal chedi, which is a chedi in the direction of the main pagoda of Wat Ratchaburana. It was built during the 20th Buddhist century, which is classified as an early Ayutthaya period Buddhist art. It has begun to show the appearance of making a dungeon. Therefore, the octagonal chedi at Wat Sangkhapat is probably of the early Ayutthaya period, influenced by the style from Wat Rama.

Ayutthaya art in the 20th Buddhist century, the chedi that is the main body of the temple is popularly built in the shape of a prang. which the appearance is imitated from the shape of the castle of Khmer art Later, during the 21st Buddhist century, the main chedi of Ayutthaya popularly built a bell-shaped chedi. which is a feature that is influenced by the bell-shaped chedi used in the Sukhothai art group During the 22nd Buddhist century, Ayutthaya art reverted back to the popular prang building. which is a characteristic of Khmer art again It can be seen that different forms of pagodas popularly built in each period of Ayutthaya There are 2 main chedi styles, which are the bell-shaped chedi and the prang-shaped chedi. But the chedi at Wat Sangkhapat is an octagonal chedi. which is like the chedi at Rama Temple and found that the bell-shaped octagonal chedi had a house of relics There is a standing Buddha image adorning the facade. This style of chedi is not the main chedi that appears in various temples. in Ayutthaya as mentioned above But the appearance of this chedi at Wat Sangkhapat is probably more of a chedi than the main chedi of the temple. and if considering the location of the chedi of Wat Sangkhapat It will be noticed that It is the only isolated stupa with no other ancient monuments to see that it is the foundation of other structures which are the elements of the sanasana in this Buddhism. An archaeologist who reported on the excavation (fiscal year 1987) has suggested that The chedi of Wat Sangkhapat is probably the chedi of the Black Roof Temple.

However, during the excavation and restoration, many artifacts were found, such as Buddha images made of various objects, namely bronze, sandstone and clay. Dolls and pottery scraps, etc.