LOCATION: The Lambayeque or Sicán culture developed on the Lambayeque river basin (formerly the Faquisllanga river or collique river), in the area of the towns of Cinto, Tucume and Jayanca, letting its influence be felt, in addition, to the area of Cajamarca, Piura and the Moche Valley, thus est
GEOGRAPHICAL ENVIRONMENT The Chachapoya Culture developed between the years 800 and 1,470 AD, in the northeastern region of Peru, located in the department of Amazonas, covering territories that belong to the Equatorial Dry Forest and the High Forest, in an extension of almost 300 km in length and a
LOCATION: This culture developed in the valleys of the Chillón, Rímac and Lurín rivers. To the north it reached the valley of the Chancay River and to the south to the Mala Valley, to the west it bordered the Pacific Ocean and to the east, to the first foothills of the Andes mountain range beyond Sa
LOWER FORMATIVE The Formative period for the central Andean cultural area is called Formative Andean, this is the first period of the stage of the High Cultures of the Era of Autonomy, begins with the appearance of ceramics that occurred in the Ucayali basin with the Tutishcainyo1, 2 culture and wi
OLD AND NEW MODELS IN 20TH CENTURY SOCIETY The decade of the 1970s was particularly important for the history of Peru because an emerging military class wanted to impose its ideas and transform the country. The revolutionary model that the leaders of that adventure had chosen was based on an ideolog
Bolognesi Son of Independence Bolognesi was born on November 4, 1816, in Lima. He was the son of the Italian musician Don Andrés Bolognesi and Doña Juana Cervantes from Arequipa. He was baptized in the church of San Sebastián, where Santa Rosa and San Martín de Porres had also been baptized. He was
One of the most dramatic episodes took place in Arica, on June 7, 1880. Here, some testimonies. The Chief of the General Staff of the Plaza de Arica, the Peruvian Manuel C. de la Torre, testifies to that sublime dedication:“... Inch by inch and with determined effort, our positions were defended up
By Wilson García Mérida Simón Bolívar is criticized by Carlos Marx The devastating opinions with which Karl Marx stigmatizes the authoritarian impulses of Simón Bolívar today constitute a colossal theoretical and political problem for the international Marxist movement which, paradoxically, in Lati
by Carlos M. Ayala Corao Bolivian journalist, editor of El Heraldo Karl Marx referred to Simón Bolívar as the most cowardly, brutal and miserable scoundrel. Bolívar is the true Soulouque, (Marxs letter to Engels dated 2-14-1858). On that same occasion, he affirmed that Bolívar was a myth of popular
I think that not even 20% of teachers at our university know who Teodomiro Gutiérrez Cuevas is. With these controversial words, the environmentalist Rodolfo Rojas Villanueva, made known his complaint and at the same time demanded to pay tribute to this military man from Cerreño with the name of the
By:Julio Valdivia Carrasco Philosopher. University professor Machupicchu, that beautiful and magical citadel built on top of a mountain in Peru, has made history in the world since its discovery by the American professor Hiram Bingham and, even more so, since it was recognized as a World Wonder. Ho
BY LUCERO YRIGOYEN M.Q One morning the center of Lima woke up with dozens of dead dogs hanging on poles. Beneath these cruelly slaughtered animals were signs reading “Teng Siao Ping, Son of a Bitch.” But, what did this terrible business card mean? End of 1980. The streets of downtown Lima woke up
BY LUCERO YRIGOYEN M.Q One morning the center of Lima woke up with dozens of dead dogs hanging on poles. Beneath these cruelly slaughtered animals were signs reading “Teng Siao Ping, Son of a Bitch.” But, what did this terrible business card mean? End of 1980. The streets of downtown Lima woke up
LOCATION They developed in the Altiplano region, which is located on the Collao plateau, surrounded by the Eastern and Western mountain ranges of the southern Andes. In the middle of this area is Lake Titicaca, which is the vital center of this place. When the influence of Tiahuanaco disappeared, th
The journalist Jaime Tipe Sánchez visited the Huáscar monitor in 1996. The press and the Peruvians hardly knew what happened to the ship that Grau commanded. On a new anniversary of the combat of Angamos we rescue the chronicle.Are you Peruvian? You come to see the Huáscar… your “ex” ship. There is
Author:Gonzalo Búlnes Chilean Historian Bolognesi was a great patriot. He has the characteristic of superior men. No intemperate words or puerile bravado come from his mouth or from his pen. He is cultured and attentive to the enemy. When patriotism is wrapped in a cloak of modesty, the man disapp
Last interview with Andrés A. Cáceres In 1921, the hero of the Pacific War answered one of his last interviews. Why did we lose the war? There was no cultural or political harmony... and a lot of betrayal in the wealthy sectors. It sounds so relevant. The homeland celebrates today, shaken with joy,
The discovery of Juanita on the top of Apu Ampato has revealed that the Incas made human sacrifices and has shown that the ancestors of Andean man are on the Isthmus of Panama. El Ampato, one of the apus, exposes Juanita Johan Reinhard, the gringo, had been doing adventure tourism since he was 15 y
In the 20th century, after the discovery of the ruins of Machu Picchu, in 1911, and the tomb of Tutankhamun, in 1922, no other archaeological remains have moved the scientific world or aroused as much curiosity among the public as the discovery of the Funeral chamber of the Lord of Sipán, cataloged
The anniversary of Lima should not only remember the Spanish legacy, but also the lordship that previously occupied this territory. The historian Maria Rostworowski wrote about it: Taulichusco curaca that dominated Lima Almost unanimously, the speeches and newspaper articles on the occasion of the
Luis Guillermo Lumbreras, Peter Kaulicke, Julián I. Santillana and Waldemar Espinoza Soriano. ECONOMIC HISTORY; ANDEAN SOCIETY; PREHISPANIC ERA; PRECOLUMBIAN ERA; INCAS, TAHUANTINSUYO VOL 1 ECONOMY PRE HIS BREAD ICA HISTORIAN:CARLOS CONTRERAS editor CENTRAL RESERVE BANK OF PERU IEP Institute of
Washington Luis he was considered the last president of the period that became known as the Old Republic. Washington created the free food markets Biography Born in Rio de Janeiro, in the city of Macaé, on October 26, 1869, however, he considered himself a paulista and made his political career in
Born in the midst of the internal commotions that had torn the country apart; formed by men without ideas or principles, for the most part; led by a soldier [Agustín Gamarra], to whom a triumph had subdued all men and all things, whose administrative science was reduced only to intrigue and the sord
Brazilian popular music was one of the main instruments used to contest the military dictatorship (1964-1985). The lyrics of several songs indicated dissatisfaction with the regime and several songwriters were targets of censorship and persecution. Pointing out direct dissatisfaction or using meta