Chandragupta II was succeeded by Kumaragupta in 415 AD, who according to the Bilasad pillar inscription was the eldest son born to his Pattamahadevi Dhruvadevi (Maharajadhiraja Srichandraguptasya Mahadevyan Dhruvadevyamutpanasya Maharajadhirajkumaraguptasya> , Kumaragupta's younger brother Govindgupta was the governor of Basad.
Some historians speculate that there was a war of succession between Govindgupta and Kumaragupta and that Kumaragupta deposed Govindagupta and forcibly took the throne, but this is supported by no source. Doesn't happen.
There was an atmosphere of peace and order in the kingdom of Kumaragupta. The power of the Gupta dynasty was at its zenith at this time. The importance of Kumaragupta lies in the fact that he protected the vast empire he inherited, which extended from the Himalayas in the north to the Narmada in the south and from the Bay of Bengal in the east to the Arabian Sea in the west. He did not have to fight any war to subdue the rebellious kings. All the kings, feudatories, republics and successor states were under his control.
Historical Sources
The most inscriptions among the Gupta dynasty kings have been found in the period of Kumaragupta. About eighteen records of the reign of this king have come to light from different places in India, which throws light on the events of this king's reign.
Blessed Pillar: The Bilasad Pillar inscription (Etah, Uttar Pradesh) of Gupta era 96 (415 AD) is the first record of its period, in which the genealogy of the Guptas up to Kumaragupta is obtained. It is known from this article that a Brahmin named Dhruvasharma had built the temple and Dharmasangh of Swami Mahasen (Karthikeya).
Garhwa Inscription: Its two inscriptions have been found from a place called Garhwa in Allahabad, on which the date of Gupta Samvat 98 (417 AD) is engraved.
Mandsaur (Malwa) Records: A major inscription from the period of Kumaragupta has been received from Mandsaur (Malwa) which was composed by Vatsabhti. The article mentions Bandhuvarma, the governor of Kumaragupta. The construction of the Sun Temple is mentioned in this article.
Karamdanda article: An inscription from the time of Kumaragupta has been received from Karamdanda (Faizabad, Uttar Pradesh). The date of Gupta Samvat 117 (436 AD) is mentioned in this article. This inscription is engraved in the lower part of the Shiva statue which was established by Kumaramatya Prithvisen of Kumaragupta.
Mankunwar Buddhamurti Article: The date of the Mankuvar Buddhamurti inscription received from Allahabad is Gupta Samvat 129 (448 AD) which is engraved in the lower part of the Buddha statue. This idol was established by a Buddhist monk named Buddhamitra.
Mathura text: This inscription is engraved on the underside of the idol, on which the date of Gupta Samvat 135 (454 AD) is engraved. Due to the Dharma-Chakra engraved near the inscription, it is speculated that it must have been a Buddhist statue.
Sanchi Records: The Sanchi inscription of Gupta Samvat 131 (450 AD) shows that Hariswamini donated money to the Aryasangh of Sanchi.
Udayagiri citation: A Jain inscription of Gupta era 106 (425 AD) has been found from Udayagiri, which shows that a person named Shankar had installed the idol of Parshvanath here.
Youman text: An inscription of Gupta Samvat 116 (435 AD) has been found from a place called Tuman in Gwalior district of Madhya Pradesh, in which Kumargupta was called 'Autumn Sun ’ has been mentioned.
Records from Bengal: Some copper inscriptions of Kumargupta period have been found from Bengal. There is a description of donating land to a Brahmin named Varahaswamin in the Dhandaih Copperlekh (Rajshahi, Bangladesh) of Gupta Samvat 113 (432 AD). In this, Kumaragupta has been called Parambhattaraka, Maharajadhiraja, Paramdaivat. There is a mention of the donation of land for the arrangement of the temple of Govindaswamin in the Baigram Copperlekh (Bogra, Bangladesh) of the Gupta era 128 (447 AD).
Two inscriptions of Gupta era 124 and 129 (443 and 448 AD) have been found from Damodarpur. From these writings it is known that the name of this region was Pundravardhan (North Bengal) and the ruler here was Chiradatta. Apart from this, the copper inscription of Kitaikuti is also important.
currencies: Kumaragupta introduced the circulation of gold, silver and copper coins which have been received from different parts of India. He also introduced many new types of gold coins. On one of its postures is the figure of a king feeding a peacock and on the reverse there is a marking of Kartikeya seated on a peacock. The credit for the circulation of silver coins in central India goes to Kumaragupta I. Peacock has been marked in place of Garuda on these mudras. These coins are of various types such as Ashwamedha, Vyaghranihanta, Equestrian, Archer, Gajarohi, Kartikeya etc. On which the titles of Kumaragupta are 'Mahendraditya', 'Srimahendra', 'Srimahendra Singh', 'Ashwamedhamendra' etc. 
Kumaragupta's Southern Victory Campaign
Kumragupta's writings or postures do not indicate his military achievements. On some of his postures, his title 'Vyaghrabalparakram ' Ankit is found, on the basis of which Raychaudhuri inferred that Kumaragupta, like Samudragupta, had conducted a conquest in South India. 1395 coins of this king have been received from Maharashtra and 13 from Elichpur (Berar), but this is not confirmed by the records or any other evidence received from Satara district. Similarly, on the basis of Khanga-Nihanta type of postures, some historians attribute the Assam conquest to him, which appears to be fictional.
Kumragupta War with Pushyamitra ( Kumaragupta's War Against Pushyamitras)
The Bhitri inscription shows that there was no peace in the empire during the last period of Kumaragupta's reign. Sources reveal that in the last phase of his reign, Pushyamitra raised a fierce rebellion against the Gupta Empire. Pushyamitra was an ancient caste, whose mention is also found in the Puranas. Skandagupta's inner writing shows that Kulakshmi of the Gupta dynasty was disturbed by this attack and Skandagupta had to spend many nights awake on the earth.
Vivita Kulakakshmi Stambanayodyate,
Kshitilashaynyye yen nita triyama.
Samuditbalkoshan Pushyamitranschjitva,
Install KshitipStep Back Left Foot.
It is clear that this war against Pushyamitra was conducted by Skandagupta, the son of Kumaragupta and he defeated Pushyamitra in battle.
The first known date of the reign of Kumaragupta is found in his Bilasad inscription in the Gupta era 96 (415 AD), from which it is clear that he ascended the throne in 415 AD. Its last date is found in Gupta era 136 (455 AD) on its silver coins. This is also the first known date of the rule of his successor Skandagupta, which is found in the Junagadh inscription. It is clear from this that Kumaragupta ruled from 415 to 455 AD.
Ashwamedha Yagya
Ashwamedha type coins of Kumaragupta have the figure of a horse tied in a Yagyayup and the reverse side 'Shri Ashwamedhamahendra: The seal is marked. It is clear from this that he had performed at least one Ashwamedha Yagya.
Religion and Religious Policy
Kumragupta I himself was a Vaishnavite. In the Garhwa article he is called 'Param Bhagwat ' Having said. His various writings reveal that during his reign Buddha, Shiva, Surya etc. gods were worshipped. The Mankuvar inscription reveals that a Buddhist monk named Buddhamitra had installed the statue of Gautama Buddha. In the Karamdanda article, there is evidence of his governor being a follower of Shaivism.
According to the Mandsaur inscription, his governor, Bandhuvarma, built the Sun Temple in western Malwa. Nalanda University was established during the reign of Kumaragupta. Hiuen Tsang's description reveals that the founder of the Nalanda Buddhist monastery was 'Shakraditya', which means Kumaragupta, who had a title 'Mahendraditya ' It was.
Thus there was peace and order in the Gupta Empire during the forty-year reign of Kumaragupta I. On the strength of his intelligence and organization-ability, he kept the unity, integrity and glory of the Gupta Empire intact and proved the supremacy of his military power by defeating the rebellious Pushyamitras. Undoubtedly, he is 'Guptakulavyomashi ’ and ‘Guptakulamalchandra ' was.