Edo's Bunji politics In the article at the beginning of, I mentioned the unemployment of samurai, but this time I would like to dig a little deeper.
Transition from martial arts politics to civilian politics
After Ieyasu Tokugawa opened the shogunate and destroyed the Toyotomi clan in the Siege of Osaka, the daimyo who was hostile to the Tokugawa clan was crushed by Ieyasu. As a result, the crushed daimyo himself and his vassals will also lose their jobs.
However, in the early Edo period, [ Gekokujo spirit ] Was still left, so " This man was active in the battle where and where! If there was a fame saying, the hiring side was inviting, so the unemployment of the samurai was not so exposed.
In addition, it was also the status of the daimyo at that time to welcome such a military commander who had made many martial arts as his vassal.
" At my house, I used 10,000 stones to hold 〇〇 The hiring side boasted, and the hired side also said, "I was invited by a 〇〇 daimyo with 10,000 stones, but I refused because it was a little. 』And supply and demand was established.
However, when the world calms down, this [ Gekokujo spirit ] Has become an obstacle, and it has become difficult for the user to do it. Therefore, the shogunate is Cheng-Zhu Bring in [ you, if you do, you're a vassal, no vassal From the spirit of Gekokujo, which is the spirit of ] Spirit was struck.
By the time the spirit of Cheng-Zhu was in full swing, [ samurai are servants who are easy to understand for the user . 】have become.
In that case, the hiring criteria for daimyo will not go as they used to.
The conditions required by the hiring party are
- Are you good at arithmetic?
- Do you have the talent to inspect the territory and increase annual tribute?
[ Warrior ] From [ Intuition ] Is now welcomed.
The calculation is [ Abacus ]
The intuition is [ How much can you surely increase your income by making a plan to increase your income with your financial sense? ]
It is said that the samurai from now on will be strong in numbers, and the emphasis will be on bringing in a lot of annual tribute.
Naturally, this tendency has also affected the samurai who are re-employing.
Some samurai rebelled against this approach, although some had abandoned their thinking and re-employed. It has become increasingly difficult for these samurai to find employment again, and their lives have become cornered.
Edo prisoner problem and Keian Uprising
By the time of Iemitsu III, a political method to suppress daimyo with force [ Martial politics ] Was done. Naturally, this method caused the antipathy of each daimyo, and the rebellious daimyo were cut off or reformed, and the clan itself disappeared.
Therefore, all the samurai who served the clan were restructured, and the prisoners flooded the city of Edo. It seems that some samurai quit and lived as tradesmen, but most of the samurai were forced to live if they were cornered with a grudge against the shogunate.
Under such circumstances, Yui Shosetsu Planned that the shogunate could be overthrown by gathering these ronin. That's where Nakaya Maruhashi gathered. Prison Corps led by was.
Yui Shosetsu The third shogun Iemitsu died, and the fourth shogun family line became a shogun at a young age . At the same time, he started to act. However, the shogunate was the first to detect this attempt by the gang's secret notice, and Masayuki and others were exhausted.
This Keian Uprising (Yui Shosetsu Ran) [ As a result of continuing to produce prisoners, strangling the shogunate ], I held a meeting to realize that it became a problem and take measures.
Rōjū / Matsudaira Nobutsuna, Abe Tadaaki, Hoshina Masayuki Faced each other.
Matsudaira Nobutsuna initially [strong> exiled all prisoners living in Edo ], I was issuing a hard-line measure. However, Edo Machi-bugyō, Ishigaya Sadaki was watching the actual situation of the prisoners at the scene. Opposed head-on.
According to Ishigaya Sadaki, this incident is ...
- The root cause of Yui Shosetsu's attempt is the [prisoner problem]
- The case of the samurai who lost their jobs on the side of the Toyotomi family in the Siege of Osaka is still dragging
- Many prisoners also participated in the Shimabara Rebellion
- Yui Shosetsu was complaining through this turbulence that he should somehow secure a place for reemployment of the prisoners.
Therefore, he complained that even if the prisoners in Edo were banished, it was obvious that the second and third Masayuki incidents would occur. Matsudaira Nobutsuna was in a bad mood because his opinion was denied head-on, but Ishitani's opinion was taken in with the persuasion of Mr. Abe and Mr. Hoshina.
According to Ishitani's opinion of the Edo Machi-bugyō, the criteria for crushing the daimyo family were relaxed. ] Will be held.
The final adoption is [ a samurai who has no successor suddenly adopts when he dies 】is. Until now, it was necessary to notify the shogunate in advance in order to pass on the samurai to a child, and if the procedure had not been carried out, the samurai would have been demolished.
This notify the shogunate in advance That is the miso, matsugo-yō Is [ adopted child when a samurai without a successor dies ] Therefore, of course, the notification to the Shogunate is not in time. Therefore, many daimyo families were crushed because of this rule.
Ishitani pleaded with the old men, saying that just relaxing this rule would save many daimyo families. At the same time, I asked the shogunate to take the lead and hire the prisoners in Edo.
In this way, [ relaxation of the ban on late-stage adoption ], The shogunate reached out for reemployment, and the shogunate's unemployment measures were taken, starting with the Yui Shosetsu turbulence.