It was Ieyasu Tokugawa who emerged after the death of Toyotomi Hideyoshi.
Ieyasu Tokugawa was an ally of Nobunaga Oda, so at one point he fought a battle between Hideyoshi Toyotomi and Komaki / Nagakute, who were aiming for Nobunaga's successor. However, Hideyoshi was appointed to Kampaku and has become Hideyoshi's ally as a member of the Council of Five Elders (a position that performs important political affairs).
As I wrote in the article about the Korean troops, Toyotomi Hideyoshi was dispatching Korean troops in his later years.
Hideyoshi's allied forces were forced to struggle by the army led by Yi Sun-sin, and eventually withdrew due to Hideyoshi's illness. Has occurred.
This confrontation will become the battle of Sekigahara later.
Now, let's write about the process of Ieyasu Tokugawa's opening of the Edo Shogunate, starting with Hideyoshi Toyotomi.
Vassal to Toyotomi administration and subjugation of Hojo
Battle of Komaki and Nagakute Later, the main daimyo returned to Hideyoshi, but only Ieyasu Tokugawa did not shake his head vertically. In the end, Hideyoshi was his real sister Asahi no kata . As her regular room, and even Kitaseisho (real mother) Was carried by Hideyoshi Audience of Ieyasu Tokugawa by presenting him as a real hostage.
1587 In the recommendation of Hideyoshi Kampaku, Junior Second Rank, Gondainagon Investiture to Suruga Tadanaga Was called.
Shortly after his vassal to Hideyoshi, Ieyasu was ordered to return to Hideyoshi because he had a relationship with Mr. Hojo. Although he made some achievements such as making Ieyasu's old friend Hojo Ujinori a situation, he did not get the consent of his head, Hojo Ujinao, 1590 . Hideyoshi is Hojo subjugation let's start doing ....
After the surrender of Mr. Hojo, Hideyoshi's unification project will be completed.
At this time, Ieyasu was ordered by Hideyoshi to Suruga, Totomi, Mikawa, Kai, Shinano . Musashi, Izu, Sagami, Ueno, Kazusa, Shimosa, part of Shimotsuke, Hitachi Some Kanto Hachishu Was transferred to.
With this transfer, 1.5 million to 2.4 million stones However, it was not a good situation due to the loss of Mikawa, which is related to the Tokugawa family, and the disturbing movement of the Hojo remnants in the Kanto region. Moreover, since Mr. Hojo adopted an extremely low tax rate, he could not raise the tax rate unnecessarily, and he could not expect as much income as Kokudaka.
During the reign of Ieyasu in the Kanto region, he placed his own influential vassals in an important branch castle, and appointed talented vassals as deputies to rule without difficulty. From this point onward, the land of the Kanto region will continue to grow significantly to this day.
Hideyoshi's death and Korean troops
1592 , Korean troops were started, but Ieyasu did not go to the sea and was only in Nagoya Castle, and there was almost no damage to the Tokugawa family itself.
1595 A major incident that shakes the Toyotomi administration [ Hidetsugu incident ] Has happened.
After this incident, Ieyasu stayed in Fushimi Castle more often than in his hometown of Edo, which increased the influence of Ieyasu under the Toyotomi administration. As a result, Ieyasu himself will often be at the center of the administration and will learn domestic governance directly.
1597 , Ieyasu did not go to Korea even though the Korean troops were started again.
1598 Toyotomi Hideyoshi When he fell ill, Council of Five Elders and Go-Bugyō to assist Hideyori, his successor, to maintain the government after Hideyoshi's death. To be elected. Ieyasu was appointed as one of the five elders and became the leader. When Hideyoshi died in August of the same year, he decided to withdraw the Japanese troops in Korea, and the Korean troop dispatch ended.
The Toyotomi administration's power struggle and the Battle of Sekigahara
In the Toyotomi administration, he contributed militaryly and fought on the front line even when he sent troops to Korea. [ Budan-ha ] And was active in fields other than the battlefield, such as domestic affairs / economy and religious management [ Bunchi-ha ] Conflicts often occurred.
When Hideyoshi and his younger brother Hidenaga were alive, they did not surface the conflict, but after Hideyoshi's death, the gap between the two factions became serious.
It was the [ Council of Five Elders that I wrote earlier that decided to run the administration after Toyotomi Hideyoshi's death. ] And [ Go-Bugyō 】is.
This member is
Toyotomi Five Elders
- Ieyasu Tokugawa
- Toshiie Maeda
- Mori Terumoto
- Ukita Hideie
- Kagekatsu Uesugi
Toyotomi Go-Bugyō
- Mitsunari Ishida
- Nagamori Mashita
- Nagamasa Asano
- Maeda Gen'i
- Masaya Nagatsuka
After Hideyoshi's death, the power struggle within the Toyotomi administration between the five elders and the Go-Bugyō will continue.
First, Ieyasu Tokugawa took action.
Ieyasu will be able to marry and confer territories to daimyo and vassals in various places, which had been prohibited until now, without consulting with Go-Bugyō. Go-Bugyō became angry at this action of Ieyasu, and especially Mitsunari Ishida came to blame Ieyasu. This reveals the feud between Ieyasu and Go-Bugyō.
This selfish behavior of Ieyasu was appreciated by the warlords who received it, and the side of Mitsunari Ishida who was evacuating was disliked, so the warlords [ Ieyasu faction strong> ] And [ Sansei faction ] Will be separated.
As an arbitrator, the atmosphere that seems to explode at any time [ Maeda Toshiie ] Was well suppressed, but he also March 1599 Will die.
From the perspective of Ieyasu Tokugawa, when Toshiie Maeda, who was a mustard above his eyes, died, the times began to move at once.
The Budan-ha, who was in conflict with Mitsunari Ishida, attacked Mitsunari Ishida.
Sansei knew it in advance, so he escaped from Osaka Castle. At that time, he is said to have escaped to Ieyasu's mansion. * There are various theories ...
This case was arbitrated by Ieyasu Tokugawa, who is also a rival of Sansei.
Due to this attack, Mitsunari Ishida was dismissed and temporarily lost his position as Go-Bugyō. And Ieyasu's influence, which successfully managed the case, will become even greater.
At the same time, the conflict between the Budan-ha and the Bunchi-ha has reached a point where it can no longer be repaired.
There is such a fierce power struggle between Ieyasu Tokugawa and Mitsunari Ishida (Go-Bugyō), and it will be 1600.
Ieyasu asked the daimyo of each region to say hello to the New Year, but only the Uesugi family refused.
Suspected of rebellion, Ieyasu decides to subdue Uesugi.
With this as an opportunity, the battle of Sekigahara will begin.
The battle of Sekigahara is often described as the battle between Toyotomi's side, Mitsunari Ishida and Ieyasu Tokugawa. However, the current situation is the same as the internal conflict of the Oda clan after the death of Nobunaga Oda.
As evidence, Kiyomasa Kato and Masanori Fukushima, who are the owners of Hideyoshi, are attached to the eastern army on the Ieyasu side.
To the last, Tatemae is challenging the battle as a representative of the Toyotomi family under the cause of Mitsunari Ishida, who rebelled against Hideyori Toyotomi, the successor to Hideyoshi. The Battle of Sekigahara should be suppressed as a battle that occurred after a power struggle within the Toyotomi administration.
The beginning of the Edo Shogunate and the destruction of the Toyotomi family
Ieyasu Tokugawa is 1603 three years after the Battle of Sekigahara. , Shogun I will open the Edo Shogunate. With the victory of Sekigahara, the world of Ieyasu Tokugawa had already been decided. However, Ieyasu will thoroughly fix power.
The first thing I went to was confiscated the area under the direct control of the Toyotomi family as a territory Did.
This will push Toyotomi Hideyori into a daimyo of the three territories of Settsu, Kawachi, and Izumi, with 650,000 stones.
Then, in 1605, Ieyasu Tokugawa quickly handed over the inaugurated Shogun General to his son Hidetada.
Retired in just two years as a general ... This is to show the world that the Shogun General will be hereditary by the Tokugawa family for generations . was. It may have been a message to the Toyotomi family rather than the world.
In the later years of Ieyasu, who handed over the shogunate to Hidetada, he moved to destroy the Toyotomi clan.
I reduced the Toyotomi family to a daimyo of 650,000 stones, but I was worried about what to do if Toyotomi Hideyori became Kampaku. Ieyasu has the official position of Shogun General, but if Hideyori takes office as one of the closest beings to the Emperor's family, Hideyori may take on Toyotomi's side as if he returned his palm. I'm worried.
Among the early lords of the Tokugawa administration were Kiyomasa Kato and Masanori Fukushima . Hideyoshi's daimyo Was left. In fact, Ieyasu has been punished by Fukushima Masanori for violating the Buke Shohatto for building a castle without permission.
Eventually, the Kato and Fukushima families will be reformed . Have received.
In addition to this, for the Toyotomi head family, " National Yasushi, Kimiomi Toyoraku With the interpretation of the characters
"Ieyasu is torn apart at a low price, and Toyotomi, the monarch, enjoys Toyotomi."
It is also a famous story that he forcibly forced him to use it as an excuse to destroy the Toyotomi clan.
Even so, the intention was to hit the Toyotomi family before they regained their strength. Ieyasu Tokugawa was worried that the daimyo would not be on the side of the Toyotomi family again even if he became a shogun.
It can be said that this difference is the difference between the short-lived Toyotomi administration and the long-lived Tokugawa administration.