After the Onin War, the trend of Gekokujo increased, and the guardian lords and nationals who ruled the country instead of the guardian daimyo grew up as warring lords independently to rule the country in place of the guardian daimyo.
In this era, the territory created by the warring lords was called a territory, and the rule system was territorial rule . Is called.
My image of territorial management by each Sengoku daimyo is
- Sengoku daimyo was operating at his own discretion under a despotism
- Vassals are absolutely obedient to the Sengoku daimyo
- If you have the ability, you could succeed regardless of your status
I had an image.
However, when I looked into that time, I found that it was actually completely different.
This time, I would like to write about the relationship between the daimyo and his vassals during the Warring States period.
Sengoku daimyo type
There are several types of Sengoku daimyo depending on their origin.
- The type that changed from a guardian daimyo to a warring lord
- The type that became a Sengoku daimyo from Shugodai
- A type that became a daimyo from a local national
Type 1 is the [ Shugo daimyo of the Muromachi Shogunate. ] Is the type that became a daimyo as it is. Shingen Takeda And Yoshimoto Imagawa Is this. The administration of the country adopted a collegial system in which the opinions of Fudai's vassals were heard at the meeting.
Type 2 is an incompetent guardian daimyo who has risen to the real power of the territory by the guardian. Kenshin Uesugi Mr. Uesugi and Oda Nobunaga The Oda clan was that type. In addition, a vassal who has been cut off by the folly of a daimyo may cause a coup d'etat. Yoshitaka Ouchi and Harumoto Hosokawa Some daimyo has been killed by his vassals.
These daimyo are patterns in which the old guardian daimyo and guardian lords have become daimyo in some way, so-called [ long-established daimyo . 】What a place, such as?
Among the nationals who are influential samurai in the region, such as type 3, the types that have become prominent and daimyo are Mori Motonari and Ieyasu Tokugawa . Is this.
In the case of a national-type daimyo, the senior vassals are subordinates, but the relationship with the daimyo was very close to parallel. Therefore, some of the senior vassals had heard the lord's words, and although the lord has the right of representation, is it an image that the actual operation of the country was jointly carried out?
The daimyo of the Warring States period was not a tyranny.
Many of the leading daimyo had talented No. 2 talent.
Nobunaga Oda Is Hideyoshi and Mitsuhide .. Kagekatsu Uesugi Kanetsugu Naoe It was a person who was entrusted with the management of the country. In this era, the status was not fixed since the Edo period, so the daimyo and the vassals were relatively equal, and the vassals were free to give their opinions to the lord.
Considering that the person below could give various opinions, it may have been more advanced than the modern enterprise.
Considering the above, the daimyo of the Warring States period was tyranny . I had an image of, but I understand that it is not the case.
If you do it dictatorially, the dead vassals will aim for your own life ...
It was natural for the military commander to change jobs, and the pressure from the farmers was great.
The daimyo and vassals of the Warring States period have a master-slave relationship Rather than modern labor contract It was close to. The vassal is from the daimyo [ Roku (salary) ], The contract is concluded. Therefore, if the reward is low, which is not evaluated compared to your work, you will go to a daimyo with better treatment. Now, it's a job change.
Sengoku warlord Todo Takatora Has changed his lord many times, Sengoku's career change king Also called.
Hideyoshi, who took the world, was also a vassal of another family before serving Nobunaga.
It seems that the military commanders at that time were no longer as good as running away at night to go to other daimyo families. In addition, it seems that the daimyo on the side of escape also interfered with reemployment or was caught and executed. I was free to change jobs, but I was also free to interfere.
If you don't make a proper evaluation, excellent human resources will go out, so each daimyo was in a good mood by giving a reward that the vassals were satisfied with. That Shingen Takeda Also, [ Please tell me whenever you have a fault ] And even stated in the law.
Ieyasu Tokugawa It is said that the Japanese kashindan was exhausted well, but the reality was also said to be a bad group. It was said that if Ikko-ikki happened, he would try to defeat Ieyasu on the side of Ikki, and if Hideyoshi invited him, he would immediately follow Hideyoshi's betrayal.
From the point of view of the vassals, the Tokugawas probably had the pride that they supported them.
From the perspective of Ieyasu, he was running a territory without knowing when he would be rebelled. It can be seen that not only Ieyasu but also the daimyo at that time operated the country under considerable stress.
Also, not only the vassals but also the farmers often rebelled against the lord. Especially when he was dissatisfied with the annual tribute, he seemed to have abandoned agriculture and hid in the clouds in the whole village. The biggest problem if you don't get the annual tribute is the daimyo who governs the country.
When that happens, the daimyo has to make a compromise and asks him to come back because he will lower his annual tribute through his deputy officer. If you force unfair labor practice, it's like forming a labor union and causing a strike to demand a salary increase.
It would be nice if modern people have that much energy ...
Daimyo of this era, from vassals to peasants, must always be careful about their surroundings , The treatment is overwhelmingly different compared to the daimyo of the Edo period. If his subordinates have only sweet faces, they will be licked, and if they do not have the ability, they will be limited. In fact, Sengoku daimyo is not a good job. Even if you have the ability, if you dislike it, you will be killed like Nobunaga, so you can not do it.
During the Warring States period, it was a lie to be absolutely obedient to a daimyo.
Nobunaga's pay-for-performance that changed the concept of career advancement at that time
It may be Hideyoshi's image, but in the Warring States period, if he had the ability, he would become more and more successful, and eventually he would become a world-renowned person ... But Hideyoshi's example is rare case . is.
In the daimyo family of this era, the order of vassals is fixed, and it is not possible for a light man or a stranger to jump over the daimyo of the Fudai daimyō and become greater than those people. If you make a credit in the battle, you will be rewarded, but that's it. Newcomers are unlikely to be given vast territory or authority.
Rare cases like Hideyoshi appear in this era, only for Oda Nobunaga's vassals It is. It can be said that this innovative method brought the Oda clan, which was a weak nation, to the front of the unification of the world. If you compare it now, you can say that it is close to a foreign-affiliated company that raises motivation by feeding on the high compensation in front of you.
I also did not hesitate to dismiss people. Fudai Daimyo Sakuma Nobumori If you find that you can't use it, [ Die or go to Mt. Koya and become a shaven ] As a result of being pressed, I will enter Mt. Koya. After all, the Oda family is a black company Is it? On the other hand, if you can achieve results, you will be promoted regardless of your family, so in a sense this method may be fair.
Akechi Mitsuhide betrayed at Honnoji Temple However, he was called by Nobunaga from the body of a ronin and was made a daimyo who ruled a country. It can be said that Nobunaga's innovative territorial management created Hideyoshi Toyotomi.