1. Pietas (Piety)
- Pietas was one of the most important virtues in Roman society and encompassed many aspects, including duty, loyalty, devotion, and reverence.
- It defined a person's obligations towards their family, ancestors, gods, and the state.
- A pious individual was expected to honor and respect their parents and elders, perform religious rituals correctly, and fulfill their civic duties with dedication.
2. Fides (Loyalty and Trustworthiness)
- Fides represented faithfulness, honesty, reliability, and integrity.
- It was highly valued in Roman society as it ensured trust among individuals and ensured the smooth functioning of relationships and institutions.
- Fides was associated with keeping promises, honoring agreements, and maintaining strong bonds of loyalty and friendship.
3. Virtus (Valor, Courage, and Excellence)
- Virtus was a highly esteemed virtue in Roman society and encapsulated a broad range of qualities, including bravery, strength, moral fortitude, and general excellence.
- Virtuous individuals were expected to display courage in battle, face challenges with unwavering resolve, and strive for moral uprightness and personal integrity.
- Virtus also involved the pursuit of excellence in all aspects of life, including military service, politics, and personal conduct.