The 208th Field Artillery Battalion was a field artillery unit of the Texas Army National Guard. The battalion was first organized on 1 January 1920 in Austin, Texas as the 1st Battalion of the 132nd Field Artillery Regiment. The battalion was redesignated as the 208th Field Artillery Regiment on 1 November 1941. During World War II, the battalion was assigned to the 44th Infantry Division. The battalion landed at Utah Beach on D-Day and fought its way across Europe, participating in the Battle of the Bulge and the crossing of the Rhine River. After the war, the battalion was inactivated on 10 December 1945 in Austria.
The battalion was reactivated on 10 January 1951 in Austin, Texas as the 208th Field Artillery Battalion. The battalion was assigned to the 49th Infantry Division. In 1953, the battalion was called to active duty for the Korean War. The battalion served in Korea until 1955. The battalion was inactivated again on 15 June 1955 in Korea.
The battalion was reactivated for the third time on 1 April 1960 in Austin, Texas as the 208th Field Artillery Battalion. The battalion was assigned to the 36th Infantry Division. In 1968, the battalion was again called to active duty for the Vietnam War. The battalion served in Vietnam until 1971. The battalion was inactivated for the fourth time on 18 December 1971 in Vietnam.
The battalion was reactivated for the fifth time on 16 September 1987 in Austin, Texas as the 208th Field Artillery Battalion. The battalion was assigned to the 49th Armored Division. In 1990, the battalion was called to active duty for the Persian Gulf War. The battalion served in Iraq and Kuwait until 1991. The battalion was inactivated for the fifth time on 30 June 1994 in Fort Hood, Texas.