The Ottoman-Persian War of 1821-23 was caused by border disputes between the two powers in present-day Azerbaijan, which Russia incited to put pressure on the Turks. In 1821 the Greek Revolution broke out. The Greeks achieved important victories and liberated important areas. The Turks overwhel
Florian Peixoto was the second president Brazilian and governed the country from 1891 to 1894. He assumed the presidency as part of an agreement by the São Paulo oligarchy that secured him in office as a way of consolidating the republic in Brazil. He has gone down in history as the “Marshal from ir
The once flourishing city of Constantinople has been in decline since the Crusaders plundered it in 1204 and the establishment of the Eastern Roman Empire (or Byzantine Empire). In 1453, it was greatly depopulated, and lost all its splendor with the reduction of trade. At the same time, the Ottoman
The story is one of the best known of antiquity. Seeing his kingdom threatened by growing Persian power, King Croesus of Lydia sent in 560 B.C. emissaries to the main oracles of Greece and Egypt with instructions to ask the same question on the same day and at the same time. The objective was to che