1. Italy: The Romans began their conquests by subjugating the Italian peninsula. They gradually conquered various Italic tribes and city-states, including the Latins, Etruscans, Samnites, and Gauls, to establish their dominance over Italy.
2. Greece and the Hellenistic World: In the 2nd and 1st centuries BC, the Romans expanded eastward and conquered Greece, Macedonia, and much of the Hellenistic world. They defeated Greek city-states and kingdoms, such as the Seleucids and Ptolemaic Egypt, incorporating them into the Roman Republic.
3. Carthage and North Africa: The Romans engaged in a series of wars with Carthage, culminating in the Punic Wars. By the end of the 3rd century BC, the Romans had conquered Carthage and established control over North Africa.
4. Hispania (Iberian Peninsula): The Romans conquered the Iberian Peninsula, comprising present-day Spain and Portugal, over several decades. They encountered resistance from various Iberian tribes, most notably the Lusitanians and Celtiberians, before securing control of the region.
5. Gaul (Present-day France): Julius Caesar led the conquest of Gaul from 58 to 51 BC, defeating various Gallic tribes and consolidating Roman control over the region.
6. Britain: The Roman conquest of Britain began in AD 43 under Emperor Claudius. The Romans conquered much of modern-day England and Wales but encountered fierce resistance from the Celtic tribes, particularly the Britons and Caledonians.
7. Dacia (Present-day Romania): The Romans conquered Dacia, located north of the Danube River, during the reign of Emperor Trajan in the early 2nd century AD. Trajan's conquest of Dacia marked the greatest territorial expansion of the Roman Empire.
These are just a few examples of the numerous territories and peoples conquered by the Romans. Their conquests established the Roman Empire as one of the most extensive and powerful empires in history.