1. Military Strategy and Tactics: Generals were responsible for developing and implementing military strategies and tactics to ensure victory in battles and campaigns. They made decisions about troop movements, formations, and the deployment of resources.
2. Training and Discipline: Generals were in charge of training and maintaining discipline among their troops. They ensured that soldiers were proficient in combat techniques, weapons handling, and marching formations.
3. Command and Control: Generals commanded and controlled military units, from small detachments to large armies. They issued orders, communicated with subordinates, and maintained an effective chain of command.
4. Logistics and Supplies: Generals oversaw the logistics and supply of their armies, including the provision of food, water, weapons, and equipment. They coordinated the transportation and distribution of these resources.
5. Recruitment and Mobilization: Generals were responsible for recruiting soldiers and mobilizing military forces. They conducted levies, enforced conscription, and managed the process of assembling troops.
6. Fortification and Siege Warfare: Generals supervised the construction and maintenance of fortifications and military infrastructure. They also planned and executed siege operations, using siege engines and strategies to capture enemy cities and strongholds.
7. Espionage and Intelligence: Generals relied on spies and scouts to gather intelligence about enemy movements and plans. They used this information to make informed decisions and gain a tactical advantage.
8. Diplomacy and Negotiations: In some cases, generals played a role in diplomatic negotiations with敵人或潜在的盟友。他们可以代表他们的统治者进行谈判，以达成停火或达成协议。
These are some of the key duties and responsibilities of generals in ancient Mesopotamia, although the specific roles and responsibilities could vary depending on the time period, region, and military structure of each文明。