The kilt, a knee-length garment worn by men and women in Scotland, has its origins dating back to the 16th century. The earliest known evidence of the kilt comes from the writings of the English traveler Fynes Moryson in 1598. He described a garment called the "belted plaid," which was a large piece of cloth wrapped around the body and fastened with a belt. This early form of the kilt was typically made from wool and was worn by both Highlanders and Lowlanders in Scotland.
The Great Kilt
The great kilt, also known as the feileadh mòr in Gaelic, was the precursor to the modern kilt. It was a full-length garment that could be wrapped around the body and secured with a belt, or could be draped over the shoulder like a cloak. The great kilt provided warmth and protection from the elements, and was often used by Highlanders while working outdoors or traveling.
The Modern Kilt
The modern kilt, as we know it today, emerged in the 18th century. It was developed by Thomas Rawlinson, an English businessman who had interests in the Scottish textile industry. Rawlinson took the concept of the great kilt and shortened it to a knee-length garment, creating a more practical and versatile piece of clothing. The modern kilt became popular among the Highland regiments of the British Army, and was later adopted by civilians as a symbol of Scottish identity.
Tartans and Patterns
The distinctive patterns of tartans, or plaids, are an integral part of the kilt's history. Tartans are woven fabrics that feature a repeating pattern of colored bands. Each tartan pattern is associated with a specific clan, family, or region in Scotland. The wearing of tartan kilts became a way for Scots to express their clan affiliation and cultural identity.
Kilt Regulations and Dress Codes
During the 18th century, the British government attempted to suppress the wearing of kilts as part of its efforts to control the rebellious Highland clans. The Dress Act of 1746, also known as the "Disarming Act," prohibited the wearing of kilts and other traditional Highland dress. This ban remained in place for over 30 years before it was eventually lifted.
Today, the kilt is still widely worn in Scotland and around the world as a symbol of Scottish heritage and culture. It is often worn for formal occasions, such as weddings and Highland games, as well as for casual wear. The kilt has become an iconic garment, representing the rich history and traditions of Scotland.