Farmers: The majority of the population was involved in agriculture, and farmers were responsible for cultivating the land, planting and harvesting crops, and maintaining irrigation systems.
Artisans: Artisans were highly skilled craftsmen who specialized in various trades such as pottery, weaving, metalworking, carpentry, and jewelry-making. They produced a wide range of goods for everyday use as well as for religious ceremonies and royal purposes.
Scribes: Scribes were literate individuals who performed various administrative and record-keeping functions. They were responsible for writing and copying documents, keeping track of financial transactions, and recording historical events. Scribes were often highly educated and held positions of prestige in society.
Priests: Priests held religious roles and performed rituals and ceremonies in temples. They were responsible for maintaining the temples, conducting religious services, and interpreting religious texts. Priests were also involved in education, medicine, and astronomy.
Soldiers: The Egyptian army was well-organized and disciplined, with soldiers specializing in different types of combat. There were infantry, archers, charioteers, and naval units. Soldiers were responsible for defending the country against external threats and maintaining internal security.
Officials and administrators: A bureaucracy of government officials and administrators managed the affairs of the state. They were responsible for collecting taxes, overseeing public works projects, administering justice, and maintaining law and order.
Traders and merchants: Traders and merchants were involved in long-distance trade, exchanging goods with neighboring countries and regions. They played an important role in the Egyptian economy, bringing in exotic goods from distant lands.
Physicians and healers: Ancient Egyptian medicine was well-developed, and there were physicians and healers who specialized in different areas of medicine. They used a combination of traditional remedies and surgical procedures to treat illnesses and injuries.