1. Repentance and Guilt: The Kalinga War, fought around 261 BC, resulted in substantial bloodshed and destruction. Ashoka witnessed the suffering and loss of life firsthand. Deeply remorseful for the devastation he had caused, Ashoka sought a path to peace and liberation from the guilt that haunted him.
2. Encounters with Buddhism: During the war, Ashoka may have had contact with Buddhist monks or teachings that provided a different perspective on life, emphasizing non-violence, compassion, and the pursuit of spiritual enlightenment. These teachings resonated with Ashoka's desire to find a way to atone for his past actions.
3. Influence of Buddhist Advisors: After the war, Ashoka came under the influence of Buddhist advisors and monks, such as the Venerable Upagupta and Moggaliputta-Tissa. These individuals expounded on the tenets of Buddhism, further deepening Ashoka's understanding and appreciation of the faith.
4. Edicts and Inscriptions: Ashoka's edicts, such as the famous Rock Edicts and Pillar Edicts, provide evidence of his conversion to Buddhism. These edicts emphasize moral principles, the importance of non-violence (ahimsa), and the pursuit of Dharma.
5. Personal Transformation: Ashoka's adoption of Buddhism represented a personal transformation and profound spiritual journey. He found in the teachings of the Buddha a path to overcome his remorse and guilt, and to strive for inner peace and enlightenment.
It is important to note that the exact sequence of events and influences that led Ashoka to Buddhism are not entirely clear from historical records. However, it is evident that the Kalinga War and the subsequent remorse played a crucial role in his conversion, ultimately shaping his reign as a compassionate and just ruler who promoted the spread of Buddhism throughout the Mauryan Empire and beyond.