1. Chinese Calendar:
- The Chinese calendar is a lunisolar calendar, meaning it combines elements of both solar and lunar cycles.
- It has a 12-month cycle based on the lunar phases, with an intercalary month added every few years to align with the solar year.
- The Chinese also developed a 60-year cycle called the "Gan Zhi" cycle, which combines 10 celestial stems and 12 terrestrial branches to create a repeating 60-year calendar.
2. Egyptian Calendar:
- The ancient Egyptian calendar was a solar calendar based on the annual flooding of the Nile River.
- It consisted of 12 months of 30 days each, plus five extra days added at the end of the year.
- The Egyptians also used a 365-day calendar that was based on the Sirius star's heliacal rising (when it first appears above the horizon after a period of invisibility).
3. Hebrew Calendar:
- The Hebrew calendar is a lunisolar calendar similar to the Chinese calendar.
- It consists of 12 months based on the lunar phases, with an extra month added every few years to align with the solar year.
- The Hebrew calendar also incorporates various religious festivals and observances.
These ancient calendars played a crucial role in regulating daily life, agricultural activities, religious practices, and timekeeping for the respective civilizations. They demonstrate the ingenuity and scientific knowledge of the Chinese, Egyptians, and Hebrews in understanding celestial cycles and creating systems for measuring and tracking time.