Rationalism is the belief that reason is the primary source of knowledge and that the natural world is governed by rational principles. Empiricism is the belief that all knowledge is derived from experience and observation. The pursuit of knowledge through scientific inquiry involves using systematic observation, experimentation, and hypothesis testing to understand the natural world.
Both the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment were fueled by a desire to challenge traditional beliefs and institutions and to promote progress and human well-being through the advancement of knowledge.