1. Robert Cromwell (August 8, 1621 - died May 14, 1639):
Robert, Cromwell's eldest son, died at the age of 17 from natural causes after battling smallpox for some time. His death deeply affected Cromwell, who wrote several letters expressing his grief and loss.
2. Elizabeth Claypole (July 2, 1629 - August 6, 1658):
Elizabeth, Cromwell's second daughter, passed away at the age of 29 shortly after giving birth to her daughter. The exact cause of her death is not specified in historical records, but she did suffer from severe complications during childbirth. Her husband, John Claypole, also died a few months later during a military campaign.
3. Richard Cromwell (October 4, 1626 - July 12, 1712):
Richard, Cromwell's third son and successor as Lord Protector, survived infancy but had a rather sad life. After the restoration of the monarchy in 1660, he went into exile to escape political retribution. Despite the efforts of some of his father's former associates, Richard never regained prominence and lived in relative obscurity until his death at the age of 86.