The Munich Conference, also known as the Munich Agreement, was a meeting between the leaders of the United Kingdom, France, Italy, and Germany that took place on September 29-30, 1938, in Munich, Germany.
Why did it happen?
The conference was called in response to the Sudetenland crisis, a territorial dispute between Germany and Czechoslovakia. The Sudetenland was a region of Czechoslovakia that had a large German-speaking population. Germany, led by Adolf Hitler, wanted to annex the Sudetenland, and was preparing to invade Czechoslovakia.
What happened at the conference?
At the conference, the leaders of the United Kingdom, France, and Italy agreed to let Germany annex the Sudetenland. In exchange, Hitler promised to respect Czechoslovakia's independence and territorial integrity.
Why was the Munich Conference controversial?
The Munich Conference was controversial for several reasons. First, it was seen as a betrayal of Czechoslovakia, which had been a democratic ally of France and the United Kingdom. Second, it was seen as a sign that the Western powers were weak and unwilling to stand up to Hitler. Third, it was seen as a major victory for Hitler, who was now emboldened to make further territorial demands.
What were the consequences of the Munich Conference?
The Munich Conference had several consequences. First, it led to the annexation of the Sudetenland by Germany. Second, it led to the collapse of Czechoslovakia, which was subsequently occupied by Germany. Third, it emboldened Hitler to make further territorial demands, leading to the outbreak of World War II.