1. Economic Strain: The war put immensive economic strain on the Russian Empire leading to widespread poverty, food shortages, and inflation. This economic deterioration created profound discontent among the population, especially the working class.
2. Military Defeats and Casualties: The Russian army faced several humiliating defeats during the war. The high casualty rate and lack of succes on the battlefield eroded public confidence in the Tsarist government's competency and sparked anger among the Russian citizens.
3. Political Repression: The Tsar, Nicholas II, and his advisors responded to growing dissent by intensifying political repression. This response further alienated the already disaffected population and fueled revolutionary sentiment.
4. Influx of Socialist and Marxist ideas: During the war, many Russian soldiers were exposed to socialist and Marxist ideas prevalent in Western Europe. This exposure further radicalized the Russian soldiers, who in turn brought these ideas back to Russia upon returning home.
5. Disillusions of Intellectuals: The war shattered the illusions of many intellectuals and artists, who had once been loyal supporters of the Tsar. This disillusionment pushed them to openly criticize the government and support revolutionary change.
6. Spread of Anti-Tsarist Propaganda: Throughout the war, anti-Tsarist propaganda intensified. This propaganda helped undermine the legitimacy of the monarchy and sowed seeds of revolution.
7. Leadership Weakness: Tsar Nicholas II was perceived as weak, indecisive, and out of touch with the people's needs. This perception further eroded the goverment's credibility.
8. Role of the Bolshevik Party: The Bolshevik Party, led by Vladimir Lenin, saw an opportunity to capitalize on the widespread dissatisfaction and chaos caused by the war. They effectively mobilized workers and soldiers, ultimately triggering the revolutions.