1. Diplomatic Approach: In the case of German aggression towards Britain during World War II, Roosevelt initially pursued a diplomatic approach. He implemented the Lend-Lease Act in March 1941, which allowed the United States to provide military aid to Britain without directly entering the war. The aid included ships, planes, and other supplies to support Britain's defense against Germany.
2. Economic Pressure: Roosevelt also used economic pressure to deter German aggression. He initiated the "cash-and-carry" policy in 1939, requiring countries buying American arms to pay in cash and transport them on their ships. This policy aimed to limit Germany's access to vital resources.
3. U.S. Entry into World War II: Despite these efforts, the attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan on December 7, 1941, changed the course of events. The United States entered World War II as an active combatant, siding with Britain and its allies against Germany.
In contrast, Roosevelt's response to Japanese aggression in China was different:
1. Limited Aid: Roosevelt provided limited support to China during its war with Japan. The United States offered financial assistance and military advice but did not directly intervene in the conflict.
2. Neutrality: Roosevelt initially adopted a policy of neutrality, seeking to avoid direct confrontation with Japan. He was concerned about the possibility of a two-front war with both Germany and Japan.
3. Economic Sanctions: Roosevelt imposed economic sanctions on Japan to discourage its aggressive actions. In July 1941, the United States froze Japanese assets and placed an embargo on oil and other vital resources to Japan. These sanctions were intended to weaken Japan's economy and reduce its military capabilities.
4. Declaration of War: Despite these measures, Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, which prompted the United States to declare war on Japan and its Axis allies, including Germany. This ultimately led to the United States' full involvement in World War II.
In summary, Roosevelt's response to German aggression towards Britain involved diplomatic efforts, economic pressure, and eventual military intervention. In contrast, his response to Japanese aggression in China was more cautious and focused on limited support, economic sanctions, and neutrality until the attack on Pearl Harbor.