1. Italy: The Roman Republic began as a small city-state in central Italy and gradually conquered and unified the entire Italian Peninsula. This included regions such as Latium, Etruria, Campania, Apulia, and Sicily.
2. Greece and the Balkans: Rome expanded into Greece and the Balkan Peninsula, conquering areas such as Macedonia, Epirus, Achaea, and Illyricum. Greece became a Roman province in 146 BC.
3. North Africa: Rome conquered North Africa, including the territories of Carthage, Numidia, and Egypt. Carthage, a major rival of Rome, was defeated in the Punic Wars, and Egypt became a Roman province in 30 BC after the fall of Cleopatra.
4. Hispania (Spain): The Iberian Peninsula was conquered by Rome over the course of several centuries. Hispania was divided into several Roman provinces, including Hispania Citerior, Hispania Ulterior, and Baetica.
5. Gaul (France): Julius Caesar led campaigns in Gaul, conquering much of modern-day France. Gaul was divided into Roman provinces, including Gallia Aquitania, Gallia Belgica, and Gallia Lugdunensis.
6. Britain (England and Wales): The Roman Empire expanded into Britain, conquering much of England and Wales. The province of Britannia was established in 43 AD.
7. Germania (Germany): The Romans attempted to conquer Germania, the region east of the Rhine River, but faced fierce resistance from Germanic tribes. The Roman general Arminius defeated a Roman army in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest in 9 AD, halting Rome's expansion into Germania.
8. Dacia (Romania): The Roman emperor Trajan conquered Dacia, the region corresponding to modern-day Romania, in 106 AD. Dacia became a Roman province but was later abandoned due to pressure from barbarian invasions.
9. Middle East: Rome conquered territories in the Middle East, including Syria, Palestine, and Judea. Jerusalem was captured by the Romans in 63 BC, and Judea became a Roman province.
10. Anatolia (Turkey): Rome expanded into Anatolia, conquering the Kingdom of Pontus and establishing the province of Asia. The Roman Empire also gained control of Cappadocia, Bithynia, and Phrygia.
These are just some of the many places that Ancient Rome conquered and incorporated into its empire. Rome's conquests led to the spread of Roman culture, language, law, and administration across vast regions, shaping the course of European and Mediterranean history.