1. Military Necessity: Total war strategies are often justified on the grounds of military necessity. In times of significant conflict, countries may argue that they must use all means necessary, including targeting civilian populations and infrastructure, to achieve victory and protect national security.
2. Prevention of Civilian Casualties: Paradoxically, some proponents argue that total war can ultimately lead to fewer civilian casualties by bringing a swift end to the conflict. They believe that overwhelming and decisive use of force can shorten the duration of the war and, in the long run, save lives.
3. Deterrence: The threat of total war can also be used as a deterrent against potential aggressors. The notion that a nation is willing and capable of responding with overwhelming force can discourage enemies from engaging in conflict.
4. Civilian Involvement in War: In modern warfare, the distinction between civilian and military targets has become increasingly blurred. Civilians may directly or indirectly support military efforts, making it challenging to avoid civilian casualties.
5. Ethical Concerns: Critics argue that total war strategies violate fundamental ethical principles and international laws, such as the Geneva Convention. They contend that deliberately targeting civilians and disregarding human rights cannot be justified under any circumstances.
6. Long-Term Consequences: The aftermath of total war often leads to severe and long-term consequences, including humanitarian crises, destruction of infrastructure, and environmental devastation. These consequences raise questions about the sustainability and wisdom of such strategies.
Ultimately, the decision to adopt total war strategies is a complex one that involves weighing the potential military advantages against ethical and humanitarian concerns. It is important to strike a balance between military necessity and the protection of civilian lives. Total war strategies should only be considered as a last resort when other measures have failed and must be conducted in accordance with international laws and ethical principles to avoid unnecessary suffering and destruction.