Military Burdens
* Union: The Union had a much larger population than the Confederacy, and therefore had a larger pool of potential recruits. However, the Union also had to contend with a much larger territory, and therefore had to spread its forces more thinly. As a result, the Union army was often outnumbered by the Confederate army in specific battles.
* Confederacy: The Confederacy had a smaller population than the Union, and therefore had a smaller pool of potential recruits. However, the Confederacy also had a smaller territory, and therefore could concentrate its forces more effectively. As a result, the Confederate army was often able to achieve local victories, even though it was outnumbered overall.
Economic Burdens
* Union: The Union had a more industrialized economy than the Confederacy, and therefore had a greater capacity to produce war materiel. However, the Union also had a larger population, and therefore had a greater need for food and other supplies. As a result, the Union economy was strained by the war effort.
* Confederacy: The Confederacy had a less industrialized economy than the Union, and therefore had a more difficult time producing war materiel. However, the Confederacy also had a smaller population, and therefore had less need for food and other supplies. As a result, the Confederate economy was less strained by the war effort.
Overall, the Union imposed greater military burdens on its citizens than the Confederacy, while the Confederacy imposed greater economic burdens on its citizens than the Union.