The famine was caused by a combination of factors, including a potato blight, a government that prioritised the interests of British landlords and ignored the plight of the Irish people, and a lack of international aid. The potato blight, a fungal disease that affects potato plants, caused widespread crop failure in Ireland, which was heavily reliant on potatoes as a staple food. This led to food shortages and widespread hunger, and contributed to the spread of diseases such as typhus and dysentery.
The British government's response to the famine was widely criticised for its inadequacy. The government provided some relief, such as soup kitchens, but it did not do enough to address the root causes of the famine. The government's priorities were focused on maintaining order in Ireland and protecting British interests, rather than on saving lives. This lack of government support contributed to the high death toll.
The Irish Famine had a profound impact on Irish society and culture. It led to a decline in the Irish population, both due to death and emigration, and it also contributed to the rise of Irish nationalism and the movement for Irish independence. The famine remains a significant event in Irish history, and it is remembered and commemorated annually.