Who is the most famous Roman emperor in Japan?
It seems that it is the leading role of this time overseas.
This time we will talk about Nero.
Prince grew up in the best environment
There is the word Cinderella Complex.
Simply put, women like the prince on a white horse.
Nero was, in a sense, the strongest prince.
Of course, he is not a prince because there is no king in Rome, but Nero was born into a powerful family in Rome with the blood of the first emperor Augustus, and with the help of his mother Agrippina, the emperor was promised at that time.
Agrippina gave Nero the best tutor.
One is Bruce, who has a good reputation for commanding the army.
The other is Seneca, a philosopher who is in the top three in Rome's long history.
I don't know if this is the case, but it is said that Claudius, the fourth emperor of Rome, was poisoned by Agrippina. All to make Nero the emperor.
The death of Claudius and the inauguration of Nero's emperor were announced at the same time.
Beside Nero was Bruce, who became the Secretary of the Guards.
It can be said that Nero, like Claudius, became an emperor by the military.
The Senate also recognized Nero as an emperor, and Roman citizens were pleased with Nero's appointment as emperor.
Nero is still 16 years old at this time.
Claudius was inaugurated as an emperor when he was 50 years old, so Roman citizens also wanted a young emperor.
But at this time no one would have known yet. That Nero will later become a tyrant that surpasses Caligula.
Nero's good politics
The name of the man called Nero when he was born was Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus. His adoption and emperor changed his name to Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus.
The Roman emperor is not called later, and the Roman emperor who actually called himself "the emperor" did not appear until the 4th century. Instead, he named himself "Princeps," meaning the first citizen of Rome, and it was customary to include Caesar and Augustus in his name.
The power of the Roman emperor is great. Among them, since he also serves as the highest commander of the army (Imperator), the word for the emperor later became the Emperor, which is also the English reading of Imperator in English, and in Germany it was called Caesar to Kaiser, and in Russia it was called Caesar to Tsar.
In France, there are examples of medieval Philip II and others using Augustus, who read the name of Augustus in French, but in any case, it is derived from the ancient Roman Empire.
Nero initially had a decent politics.
There seemed to be some holes, but as a result of Claudius's restructuring of his finances, he had abundant funds, and it was common for him to carry out politics without any problems.
In particular, it is big that Seneca and Bruce, who were tutors, were assisted as they were.
In the days of Nero, the national treasury, which was divided into the Emperor's treasury and the Senate's treasury, was unified, the weight of the currency was reunified, the tax system was revised, and so on. is.
But it wasn't that Nero was excellent, maybe Seneca, Colbro, who became the governor of Syria, and Agrippina.
Killing younger brother and murdering mother
This matricide is the reason why Nero is called the most abominable emperor in world history.
There are a lot of ridiculous tyrants in world history, but it's only Nero who killed his mother, and any villain usually takes care of his mother.
However, there is a problem with Agrippina, and politics is done as he decides, and there is even a story that he forcibly incest with Nero, although I do not know if it is true or false.
The latter has even become a psychological term for the agrippina complex.
Nero was a young man in his late teens, so he was in the middle of a rebellion.
The problem was that her mother, Agrippina, didn't accept it, and the relationship between the two got worse and worse.
There is a section in which Agrippina began to plot to support Britannicus, Claudius's son-in-law and her son-in-law, rather than Nero, who does not listen.
Britannicus dies in such a state.
The cause of death is unknown even in modern times, but there have been rumors that Nero killed him from that time. Famous Roman historians have even determined that Nero did it.
From Nero's point of view, there may have been fear that Britannicus might be killed by his mother if he were alive. It is said that it was Agrippina who poisoned Claudius, and Nero's fear may not be a mistake ...
The decisive break between the two would be when Nero divorced his wife, Octavia, and married a woman named Poppea.
Octavia, as the name implies, is of the blood of the first emperor Octavian and is also the child of Claudius and Messalina.
By the way, Poppea's mother is guilty of death by Messalina, but Nero forces this divorce and tries to marry her.
Agrippina naturally repels, but Nero conversely kills her mother, Agrippina.
There are many stories about killing my father since ancient times, but I wonder if this is the only story about killing my mother.
Perhaps Nero was originally strange, he started a tremendous runaway from around here.
Seneca's exit and unstoppable runaway
Nero, who thought that his mother would be gone and could do whatever he wanted, first started the "Roman Olympics." He brought the Olympic Games in Greece to Rome. This seems to be quite exciting, and Nero builds a gymnasium called Ginadium to encourage Romans to exercise, but in the end it seems that the old birds were singing.
He was Nero who built the gymnasium, but it seems that Nero was the one who was the least exercised ...
Around this time, a rebellion broke out in Britannia (now England), but it was soon subdued. The Armenian Parthian problem was a little difficult, as the Roman army surrendered for a while, but thanks to an excellent general named Colbro, he succeeded in building a friendly relationship.
The problem may still be Seneca's exit.
The reason for leaving Seneca was the death of Captain Bruce.
The death of Bruce is one of the mysteries that continues to the present day, and the assassination theory by Nero is deep-rooted.
Perhaps he thought he was the next one after seeing Bruce's death, Seneca also left Nero.
According to one theory, Seneca runs a high-interest loan in Britannia, and it is said that he was impeached for that, but the truth is unknown.
The division between Nero and Seneca seems to have been mild.
And maybe Nero thought that Seneka would be gone and he could like it even more, and the runaway wouldn't stop from here.
Seneca's retirement and Poppea's marriage were about the same time, and the Roman fire broke out at about the same time.
Great Fire of Rome in 1964
Nero became famous as a tyrant because of this great fire in Rome.
To put it a little more, Nero executed a large number of Christians because of the Great Fire of Rome.
In posterity, the world will be dominated by the Christian state. The British Empire conquered seven seas, and Europe colonized the world.
The morals of the world became Christian morals, and Nero became the worst tyrant in history.
The great fire in Rome itself seems to have been spontaneous.
If it happened a while ago, it may have been possible to manage to have excellent human resources.
However, there were no talented people around Nero.
In any case, Nero means Domus Aurea , which means the Golden Palace in the area lost in the great fire. Will start construction.
I think Nero was purely stupid.
But Roman citizens rumor that Nero set fire to Rome because he wanted to build a palace.
Kuo Vadis, a literary work drawn by Polish Shenkevich based on this period, was made into a movie in Hollywood.
By the way, Schenkevic has won the 5th Nobel Prize in Literature, and the 2nd is Theodor Mommsen of Germany, who was successful in studying the history of Rome, both of which deal with ancient Rome. But personally it's impressive.
Aside from that, Nero has a habit of escaping when he panics.
Nero tries to escape by saying that it is the Christians, not himself, that is bad.
Nero is already an adult, but he behaves childishly, probably because he was spoiled and raised.
The only trouble is that Nero is the Roman emperor and the most powerful person in the world.
Christians, completely falsely accused, were captured from one end and taken to the arena. Some were eaten by beasts, some were crucifixions, and some were lit alive. It is said that Peter, the first disciple of Jesus, who is called the first Pope of Rome, was also martyred at this time.
Seeing this too cruel sentence, many were afraid of Nero and gave up.
Nero wasn't aware of it and was looking at his execution with a smile on a tank.
Nero must have known that Christians are innocent ...
Fainting Greek culture
Nero is also famous as a singing emperor.
However, he is also famous for not having any reputation for being good at singing.
He sang at a theater in Naples. The song itself wasn't good, but it seemed to be interesting and successful as a spectacle.
Not limited to Nero, many of Rome are fainted by Greek culture, and many oppose it.
In the olden days, Scipio Africanus also fainted in Greek culture and deepened the confrontation with the Great Cato.
Nero seemed to be bothered and confident in his singing ability, and at his second Roman Olympics, when he entered the singing contest, he said, "Don't think of yourself as an emperor." I'm leaving words.
It's a cool word if you really have the ability, but ...
Piso's Conspiracy and Benevent's Conspiracy
The assassination of the Roman emperor by the Senate is a negative aspect of Roman history.
Beginning with Caesar, who was about to become the Roman emperor, and so did Caesar, the Senate often assassinated the emperor.
However, it was discovered in advance in the days of Nero.
The mastermind of the plot is Gaius Calpurnius Piso, a former Senator with experience in consul, and the plot includes Lucius, the nephew of Seneca who grew up with Nero, Fraus, the captain of the Guard, many Senators, and Seneca. It was raised.
Whether Seneca actually participated in this conspiracy is a controversial part even in modern times, but it is true that he knew that there was such a conspiracy.
Nero gave Seneca death.
The plot was passed on to Nero by the freedman Milix, with a total of 19 being executed and 13 being banished.
After that, Nero became suspicious and began to execute excellent human resources one after another.
Following Piso, youth military officers launch a Venevento conspiracy case.
The mastermind was Vinichias, the son-in-law of Colbro, who became suspicious and killed three of the highest commanders of the corps, including Colbro, without evidence.
Nero's Death
The direct trigger was the rebellion of Gaius Julius Vindex, Governor of Gaul. The rebellion itself was subdued by two generals, Galva and Oto, but this time they started marching towards Rome.
A ship arrived in Rome at about the same time. Wheat for the citizens was supposed to have arrived on the ship, but it was said that it contained sand for the arena.
Roman citizens were also furious at this.
The Senate passed a resolution to make Nero the "enemy of the nation."
There were no more people around Nero to deal with the succession of events.
There is no longer a guard corps to protect Nero.
Nero escaped and eventually died himself.
He was only 31 years old at that time.
Nero said at the time of his death, "Oh, this will lose one great artist."
Nero would have been happier if he hadn't become an emperor.
I'm sure he would have been happy if he could live with love for his lifelong art.
Personal evaluation of Nero
Republic Rome was full of talented people. Scipio defeated Hannibal, Appius Claudius and Julius Caesar who built the Appian Way.
Rome became an empire, and only quite strange people became conspicuous.
That is probably because the imperial government has become a hereditary system.
Hereditary systems produce dark tyrants and tyrants unless there is a good deal.
The reason is that a person who is not a human resource who can lead the country accurately as an emperor becomes an emperor.
The Emperor Huizong during the Song dynasty in China is a prime example.
The emperor, who was called Furuyu Tenko, was hit by a lot of turmoil and finally made a mistake of being taken over by the Jurchen tribe, who is a different race, and was labeled as the lowest emperor of all time in China.
Emperor Huizong seems to have been endowed with a talent for art, but it is also sad that Nero was not.
Despite being in the highest position of the Roman emperor, Nero's life was just sad.
He killed his mother, his brother-in-law, his teacher, an innocent Christian, and finally he died lonely.
Still, there was something I couldn't hate, and it was said that there were a lot of bouquets in front of Nero's grave.
King Tidates of Armenia was also one of the people who loved Nero, and named the city that could be rebuilt with the help of Nero, and the Parthian King Vologesses requested that Nero Thanksgiving be held every year even after the assassination of Nero. Was delivered to the Senate.
There's nothing I can do about it, but I feel like Nero is a person who loves songs and can't hate them.