- Zionist movement: The Zionist movement, which sought to establish a Jewish state in Palestine, had gained momentum before and during World War II. Many Jews saw Palestine as their ancestral homeland and a place where they could escape persecution and discrimination.
- Holocaust: The Holocaust, in which six million Jews were murdered by the Nazis and their collaborators, intensified the desire among many Jews to create a safe haven for themselves and future generations.
- British Mandate: Palestine was under British rule during and after World War II as a part of the British Mandate. The British had restricted Jewish immigration to Palestine, but after the war, they began to relax these restrictions, allowing more Jews to enter the country.
- Independence of Israel: In 1947, the United Nations adopted a resolution to partition Palestine into two states, one Jewish and one Arab. The Jewish Agency accepted the plan, but the Arab leadership rejected it. In May 1948, the British Mandate ended and the State of Israel was declared. This event led to the 1948 Arab-Israeli War and the subsequent displacement of hundreds of thousands of Palestinians. The war also resulted in the capture and control of additional territory by Israel, including the West Bank and Gaza Strip, which led to further waves of Jewish migration to these areas.
- Economic opportunities: The new State of Israel offered economic opportunities for Jews, who were able to find work in various sectors such as agriculture, industry, and government.
It's important to note that not all Jews migrated to Israel after World War II. Many remained in their countries of origin or relocated to other countries, such as the United States and Canada. The migration to Israel was a significant movement, but it was not universal among Jews.