* The Treaty of Versailles: This treaty was signed between the Allied Powers and Germany on June 28, 1919. It ended World War I and imposed harsh sanctions on Germany. The treaty included the following terms:
- Germany had to give up territory to the Allied Powers, including Alsace-Lorraine, Eupen-Malmédy, North Schleswig, and West Prussia.
- Germany had to pay reparations to the Allied Powers of 132 billion gold marks (equivalent to $33 billion).
- Germany was forbidden from having an air force and a submarine fleet, and its navy was limited to a small size.
- Germany was required to accept responsibility for starting World War I.
* The Treaty of Saint-Germain: This treaty was signed between the Allied Powers and Austria on September 10, 1919. It ended the war between Austria-Hungary and the Allies and established the new Republic of Austria. The treaty included the following terms:
- Austria had to give up territory to the Allied Powers, including South Tyrol, Carinthia, Styria, Burgenland, and Bukovina.
- Austria had to pay reparations to the Allied Powers of 20 billion gold crowns (equivalent to $4 billion).
- Austria was forbidden from uniting with Germany.
* The Treaty of Trianon: This treaty was signed between the Allied Powers and Hungary on June 4, 1920. It ended the war between Hungary and the Allies and established the new Kingdom of Hungary. The treaty included the following terms:
- Hungary had to give up territory to the Allied Powers, including Transylvania, Slovakia, Ruthenia, and Croatia-Slavonia.
- Hungary had to pay reparations to the Allied Powers of 20 billion gold crowns (equivalent to $4 billion).
- Hungary was forbidden from uniting with Austria.
* The Treaty of Neuilly: This treaty was signed between the Allied Powers and Bulgaria on November 27, 1919. It ended the war between Bulgaria and the Allies and established the new Kingdom of Bulgaria. The treaty included the following terms:
- Bulgaria had to give up territory to the Allied Powers, including Western Thrace, Dobruja, and Macedonia.
- Bulgaria had to pay reparations to the Allied Powers of 2.25 billion gold francs (equivalent to $440 million).
- Bulgaria was forbidden from having an air force and a submarine fleet, and its army was limited to a small size.
* The Treaty of Sèvres: This treaty was signed between the Allied Powers and the Ottoman Empire on August 10, 1920. It ended World War I between the Ottoman Empire and the Allies. The treaty included the following terms:
- The Ottoman Empire had to give up territory to the Allied Powers, including the Arab provinces, Armenia, Kurdistan, and Thrace.
- The Ottoman Empire was required to accept the establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
- The Ottoman Empire was forbidden from having a navy and an air force, and its army was limited to a small size.
The terms of peace imposed on the defeated Central Powers were harsh and caused great resentment in those countries. This resentment would eventually contribute to the outbreak of World War II.